Artificial Intelligence Robotics – Components & Locomotions of Robot
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In this Artificial Intelligence tutorial, will study What is Artificial Intelligence Robotics. Also, will learn the components of a Robot, and Robot Locomotion. Along with this will study Robot applications.
So, let’s start Artificial Intelligence Robotics Tutorial.
What is Artificial Intelligence Robotics?
Basically, robots have their specific aim. As they manipulate the objects. For Example-Â by perceiving, picking, moving, modifying the physical properties of object.
What are the Robots?
Generally, robots are the artificial agents acting in the real world environment.
What is Robotics?
Generally, Robotics is a branch of Artificial Intelligence. That is composed of Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering. Also, Computer Science for designing, construction, and application of robots.
Aspects of Artificial Intelligence Robotics
- Basically, robots have mechanical construction. That is to form or shape designed to accomplish a particular task.
- Also, it contains electrical components. That is a use of power and control the machinery.
- Basically, it contains some level of a computer program. Also, it determines what, when and how a robot does something.
Robot Components
To build a robot we need following parts−
a. Power Supply
As robots are powered by batteries, solar power, hydraulic.
b. Actuators
We use this to convert energy into movement.
c. Electric motors (AC/DC)
We need this for the rotational movement.
d. Pneumatic Air Muscles
As we can say that they contract almost 40% when the air is sucked in them.
e. Muscle Wires
Although, we have noticed that it contract by 5% when an electric current is passed through them.
f. Piezo Motors and Ultrasonic Motors
Basically, we use it for industrial robots.
g. Sensors
Generally, we use it in the task environment as it provides information of real-time knowledge.
A difference in Robot System and AI Programs
Here is the difference between Artificial Intelligence and Robotics:
AI Programs
- Usually, we use to operate them in computer-simulated worlds.
- Generally, an input is given in the form of symbols and rules.
- Basically, to operate this we need general purpose computers.
Artificial Intelligence Robotics
- Generally, we use robots to operate in the real physical world.
- Basically, inputs are given in the form of the analogue signal in the form of the speech waveform.
- Also, to operate this, special hardware with sensors and effectors are needed.
Robot Locomotion
We can say that it’s a type of mechanism. As it helps to make a robot capable of moving in their environment. As there are present various types of locomotion-
a. Legged
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b. Wheeled
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c. Combination of Legged and Wheeled Locomotion
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d. Tracked slip/skid
a. Legged Locomotion
While demonstrating walk, jump etc. it consumes more power.
More motors are needed to accomplish a movement. Also, it’s best suited for the rough as well as smooth terrain. That is irregular or too smooth surface. That makes it consume more power for a wheeled locomotion. Although, difficult to implement because of stability issues.
This is of a different variety. Such as one, two, three, four and six legs. Also, it says that if a robot has multiple legs. Then leg coordination is necessary for locomotion.
The total number of possible gaits a robot can travel depends upon the number of its legs.
If a robot has k legs, then the number of possible events N = (2k-1)!.
In case of a two-legged robot (k=2), the number of possible events is N = (2k-1)! which makes it (2*2-1)! that is 3! = 6.
Hence, we have six different possible events-
- Lifting the Left Leg
- Releasing the Left Leg
- Lifting the Right Leg
- Releasing the Right Leg
- Lifting both the legs together
- Releasing both the legs together
In case of k=6 legs, there are 39916800 possible events. Hence the complexity of robots is directly proportional to the number of legs.
AI Robotics – Robot Locomotion
b. Wheeled Locomotion
For this, generally, we need a fewer number of motors to accomplish a movement.
It requires a fewer number of motors to accomplish a movement. Also, it’s more power efficient as compared to legged locomotion.
Standard wheel
It always rotates around the wheel axle and around the contact.
Castor wheel
It helps in rotating around the wheel axle and the offset steering joint.
Swedish 45o and Swedish 90o wheels
It’s called Omni-wheel. That rotates around the contact point, around the wheel axle, and around the rollers.
Ball or spherical wheel
As it’s an Omnidirectional wheel. Although, technically it’s difficult to implement.
AI Robotics – Wheeled Locomotion
c. Slip/Skid Locomotion
Generally, in this locomotion vehicles use tracks in a tank. Also, have to steer robot by moving tracks in same or opposite direction with different speed. Although, having a large contact area of a track it offers stability.
AI Robotics – Slip/Skid Locomotion
Computer Vision
Generally, it’s an Artificial Intelligence technology which robots can see. Also, play an important role in security, safety, and entertainment. It is used to extract useful information from an array of images.
a. The hardware of Computer Vision System
This involves −
- Power supply
- Image acquisition device such as camera
- a processor
- a software
- A display device for monitoring the system
- Accessories such as camera stands, cables, and connectors
Application Domains of Computer Vision
Generally, there are various applications of computer vision:
- Agriculture
- Autonomous vehicles
- Biometrics
- Character recognition
- Forensics, security, and surveillance
- Industrial quality inspection
- Face recognition
- Gesture analysis
- Geoscience
- Medical imagery
- Pollution monitoring
- Process control
- Remote sensing
- Robotics
- Transport
Robot Applications
a. Industries
Generally, we use robots in industries for various purposes. Such as handling material, cutting, welding, colour coating, drilling, polishing, etc.
b. Medicine
Generally, Robots are very helpful as they are capable of carrying out hundreds of clinical tests.
c. Exploration
Basically, for rock climbing, space exploration we use robots.
d. Entertainment
For movie making, Disney’s engineers have created hundreds of robots.
So, this was all about Artificial Intelligence Robotics Tutorial. Hope you like our explanation.
Conclusion
As a result, we have studied Artificial Intelligence Robotics and comparison between AI vs Robotics. Also, learned robot components, locomotion and different applications of the robot. As we have used images that help you in better understanding.
Furthermore, if you feel any query feel free to ask in the comment section.
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Nice, simple explanation of Components of a Robot, Robot Locomotion. and Robot applications.
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