Static Binding Vs Dynamic Binding in Java

In this Java tutorial, we will learn Java static binding vs dynamic binding in detail. Also, we will discuss the feature wise difference between static binding and dynamic binding in Java Programming Language. Moreover, we will go through the static binding definition and definition of a dynamic binding in Java. Along with this, we will see an example of static binding vs dynamic binding in Java.

So, let’s start a comparison of Static Binding vs Dynamic Binding in Java.

Static Binding Vs Dynamic Binding in Java

Static Binding in Java

• In this static binding, the binding can resolve at runtime or compile time.
• The binding process of all static, final and private methods is done at compile time.
• It occurs during the compile time.
• The error is found after the compile time
• Static binding takes less time for processing
• Example – static binding is performed during method overloading

Dynamic binding in Java 

Overriding in Java can be considered as the best example of dynamic binding as both parent and child class have the same method, that is it doesn’t decide the method to be called.

• It occurs during the run time of the program.
• Error is detected during the execution of a program.
• Dynamic binding takes more time as it resolves during the runtime.
• Example – dynamic binding is processed during method overriding

What is Static Binding in Java?

Binding of static, final and private methods is always a static binding because a static binding gives better performance and they cannot be overridden and hence will always be accessed by the object of some local class.

Example of static binding in java–

public class NewClass
{
   public static class superclass
   {
       static void print()
       {
           System.out.println("print in superclass.");
       }
   }
   public static class subclass extends superclass
   {
       static void print()
       {
           System.out.println("print in subclass.");
       }
   }
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
       superclass A = new superclass();
       superclass B = new subclass();
       A.print();
       B.print();
   }
}

Output –
Print in superclass.
Print in superclass.
In the example above both cases give the same result because –

• The reference here for subclass and superclass is same, that is a single object.
• Since it cannot be overridden in a subclass, i.e. the superclass and compiler know it and so there is no ambiguity.

What is Dynamic Binding in Java?

Example of dynamic binding –

public class NewClass
{
   public static class superclass
   {
       void print()
       {
           System.out.println("print in superclass.");
       }
   }
   public static class subclass extends superclass
   {
       @Override
       void print()
       {
           System.out.println("print in subclass.");
       }
   }
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
       superclass A = new superclass();
       superclass B = new subclass();
       A.print();
       B.print();
   }
}

Output –
Print in superclass.
Print in subclass.
The output differs because –

• Methods here are not static.
• Amid Binding, the compiler has no clue as to which print must be called since compiler goes just by referencing variable not by kind of object and along these lines the binding would be deferred to runtime and in this way the comparing adaptation of print will be called in view of a sort on the question.

Essential Points for Static Binding vs Dynamic Binding

Here, we will discuss some important points related to Static vs Dynamic Binding in Java:

• Private, last and static individuals utilize static authoritative while for virtual techniques restricting finish amid runtime in view of runtime object.
• Static binding in Java uses type data for official while Dynamic binding in Java restricting uses objects to determine to bind.
• Overloaded methods are settled utilizing static binding while overridden methods utilizing dynamic binding, i.e, at runtime.

So, this was all about Static Binding vs Dynamic Binding in Java. Hope you like our explanation.

Conclusion

In this tutorial we learned about the static vs dynamic binding, their difference and important points to remember. Moreover, we discussed static binding and dynamic binding with the example and given output. At last, we saw some essential points for dynamic and static binding. Furthermore, if you have any queries regarding the difference between Static and Dynamic Binding in Java, feel free to ask in the comment section.