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MHD full form is Magnetohydrodynamics, where magneto means magnetic field, hydro means water, and dynamics means motion. This is the analysis of magnetic characteristics and properties of electrically conducting fluids. Some instances of magnetic properties-fluids include liquid metals, plasmas, saltwater, and electrolytes.
Hannes Alfvén initiated the field of MHD, after receiving Nobel Prize in Physics in 1970. In MHD, magnetic fields in a moving conductive fluid stimulate currents, polarising the liquid and altering the magnetic field on its own reciprocally.
MHD is a blend of two mathematical equations Navier-Stokes equations of fluid dynamics and Maxwell’s electromagnetism equations. It is important that we solve these equations simultaneously, in both numerical and analytical problems.