While it comes to combine the results of two queries in Impala, we use Impala UNION Clause. There is much more to learn about Impala UNION Clause. So, let’s learn about it from this article. Apart from its introduction, it includes its syntax, type as well as its example, to understand it well.
So, let’s start Impala UNION Clause tutorial.
Introduction to Impala UNION Clause
Basically, in order to combine the result sets of multiple queries, we use the Impala UNION clause. Although, the result sets are combined by default as if the DISTINCT operator was applied.
In other words, to combine the results of two queries we the Impala Union clause.
Syntax
So, the syntax for using Impala UNION Clause is-
query_1 UNION [DISTINCT | ALL] query_2
Usage
We can say, UNION DISTINCT and the UNION keyword by itself is similar. Always, prefer UNION ALL where practical, because eliminating duplicates can be a memory-intensive process for a large result set.
Especially, where the duplicate values are acceptable or when you know the different queries in the union will not produce any duplicates.
However, in Impala 1.4 and higher, we do not need the LIMIT clause while an ORDER BY clause applies to a UNION ALL or UNION query.
Moreover, turn the UNION query into a subquery, SELECT from the subquery, and put the ORDER BY clause at the end, outside the subquery, in order to make the ORDER BY and LIMIT clauses apply to the entire result set.
Example
Impala UNION Clause Example,
Let’s suppose we have a table named Students in the database my_db. Its contents are−
[quickstart.cloudera:21000] > select * from Students;
Query: select * from Students
| id | name | age | address | salary |
| 1 | shubham | 32 | delhi | 20000 |
| 9 | Pulkit | 23 | Gandhi nagar | 28000 |
| 2 | monika | 25 | mumbai | 15000 |
| 4 | revti | 25 | indore | 35000 |
| 7 | Vaishnavi | 25 | Goa | 23000 |
| 6 | mehul | 22 | hyderabad | 32000 |
| 8 | Rishabh | 22 | chennai | 31000 |
| 5 | shreyash | 23 | pune | 30000 |
| 3 | kajal | 27 | alirajpur | 40000 |
Fetched 9 row(s) in 0.59s
Similarly, assume we have another table named Users. Its contents are −
[quickstart.cloudera:21000] > select * from Users;
Query: select * from Users
| id | name | age | address | salary |
| 3 | vishal | 54 | Banglore | 55000 |
| 2 | Shubham | 44 | Banglore | 50000 |
| 4 | Mansi | 64 | kolkata | 60000 |
| 1 | Ankur | 34 | kolkata | 40000 |
Fetched 4 row(s) in 0.59s
So, here is an example of the Impala union clause. Basically, using the UNION clause, we arrange the records in both tables in the order of their id’s and limit their number by 3 using two separate queries and joining these queries.
[quickstart.cloudera:21000] > select * from Students order by id limit 3
union select * from Users order by id limit 3;
Hence, we get the following output, on executing the above query.
Query: select * from Students order by id limit 3 union select
* from Users order by id limit 3
| id | name | Age | Address | Salary |
| 2 | monika | 25 | mumbai | 15000 |
| 3 | vishal | 54 | Banglore | 55000 |
| 1 | Ankur | 34 | kolkata | 40000 |
| 2 | Shubham | 44 | Banglore | 50000 |
| 3 | kajal | 27 | alirajpur | 40000 |
| 1 | shubham | 32 | Delhi | 20000 |
Fetched 6 row(s) in 3.11s
Conclusion
As a result, we have seen the whole concept of Impala UNION Clause. Still, if any doubt occurs, feel free to ask in the comment section.