{"id":9860,"date":"2018-03-05T05:26:57","date_gmt":"2018-03-04T23:56:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=9860"},"modified":"2026-04-25T16:07:57","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T10:37:57","slug":"python-virtual-environment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/python-virtual-environment\/","title":{"rendered":"Create Python Virtual Environment – Install Python Packages"},"content":{"rendered":"

In this blog, we will discuss what a Python virtual environment is? Moreover, we will study how to create Virtual Environment in Python Programming Language and how to install Python packages using pip.<\/p>\n

Along with this, we talked about installing Python. If you still haven\u2019t installed Python, do it right away.<\/p>\n

So, let’s start creating a Python Virtual Environment.<\/p>\n

What is Python Virtual Environment?<\/h3>\n

When developing a Python application, you may want to use modules that don\u2019t ship with the standard library. Or sometimes, you need a specific version of a library for a bug to be fixed, or for some other reason.<\/p>\n

Does this mean that installing Python once isn\u2019t enough for every application you craft? Maybe application X needs version 1.0, but application Y needs version 2.0. This leaves one of them unable to run.<\/p>\n

To work with this, we create a Python virtual environment. In essence, it is a self-contained directory tree containing a Python installation for a particular version of Python.<\/p>\n

Apart from that, it also has a list of additional packages. This way, application X can have its virtual environment with version 1.0, and B can have its own with version 2.0.<\/p>\n

A virtual environment (venv) is a self-contained folder that holds its own Python interpreter and site-packages. It keeps project A\u2019s libraries away from project B\u2019s to stop version clashes.<\/p>\n

Let’s start with how to create a Python Virtual Environment.<\/p>\n

How to Create a Virtual Environment in Python?<\/h3>\n

To create a Python virtual environment and manage it, we use the module venv. Normally, it will install the latest version of Python for you, but you can choose that.<\/p>\n

But before we begin, let\u2019s find out which version of Python we are using.<\/p>\n

To do this, type the following in your Command Prompt (for Windows, type \u2018cmd\u2019 in search):
\npython –version<\/p>\n

This is what it will look like:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.16299.248]<\/p>\n

(c) 2017 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.<\/p>\n

C:\\Users\\lifei>python –version
\nPython 3.6.0<\/p>\n

C:\\Users\\lifei>
\nNow, let\u2019s check if we have pip installed.<\/p>\n

C:\\Users\\lifei>pip –version
\npip 9.0.1 from c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages (python 3.6)<\/p>\n

We do. This is because we installed Python from python.org. In case you do not have pip installed, you may need to install it manually.<\/p>\n

Now, let\u2019s begin. In your command prompt, move to the directory you want to work in:<\/p>\n

C:\\Users\\lifei>cd Desktop<\/p>\n

Now, type in the following:<\/p>\n

C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop>python -m venv workwithenv<\/p>\n

You will see the following directory on your Desktop (or whichever directory you chose to work with):<\/p>\n

\"Python<\/a>

Python Virtual Environment and Install Python Packages<\/p><\/div>\n

Inside this, you can see the following contents:<\/p>\n

\"workwithenv<\/a>

Python Virtual Environment and Install Python Packages<\/p><\/div>\n

\"workwithenv<\/a>

Python Virtual Environment and Install Python Packages<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Python-virtual-environment-sitepackages\"<\/a>

Virtual Environment and Install Python Packages – sitepackages<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Python<\/a>

Python Virtual Environment and Install Python Packages – scripts<\/p><\/div>\n

While the directory Include is empty, the other two aren\u2019t:<\/p>\n

As you can see, the command created the directory \u2018workwithenv\u2019 because it didn\u2019t already exist.<\/p>\n

It also created subdirectories containing a copy of the Python interpreter, the standard library, and various supporting files.<\/p>\n

Now, to activate the Python Virtual Environment, we will run the batch file activate.bat in the directory Scripts:<\/p>\n

C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop>workwithenv\\Scripts\\activate.bat<\/p>\n

We get the following output:<\/p>\n

(workwithenv) C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop><\/p>\n

This script is for the bash shell. If you have any doubts about Python virtual environments, please comment.<\/p>\n

Managing Python Packages with pip<\/h3>\n

As we said earlier, pip is a program that will let you install, upgrade, and remove Python packages. Using pip, you can install Python packages from the Package Index (PyPI).<\/p>\n

Or, you can use pip\u2019s search feature this way:<\/p>\n

C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop\\workwithenv>pip search astronomy
\nacalib (0.1.3) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Advanced Computing for Astronomy Library
\nvaex-astro (0.1.5) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0– Astronomy-related transformations and FITS file support
\nastro-scripts (0.4.0) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Small scripts for astronomy
\nastrobase (0.3.8) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Python modules and scripts useful for variable star\u00a0work in astronomy.
\nastrocats (0.3.32) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Package for downloading, analyzing, and constructing open astronomy catalogs.
\nastrodbkit (0.6.6) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Astronomy database management using SQL and Python
\nastroML (0.3) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Tools for machine learning and data mining in\u00a0Astronomy
\nastromodels (0.4.1) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0Astromodels contains models to be used in\u00a0likelihood or Bayesian analysis in astronomy
\nastroobs (1.4.5) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Provides astronomy ephemeris to plan telescope\u00a0observations
\nastropy (3.0) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Community-developed python astronomy tools
\nastropyp (0.0.dev133) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Astronomy Pypeline Framework and FITS Viewer
\nastrotoyz (0.1.4) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Astronomy tools built on the Toyz framework
\nBarak (0.3.2) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A set of astronomy-related routines for generating\u00a0Voigt profiles from atomic data, reading and\u00a0writing data, working with SEDs, passbands and dust\u00a0extinction laws.
\ncadcdata (1.2.1) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Client for accessing data at the Canadian Astronomy\u00a0Data Centre
\npython-casacore (2.2.1) \u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A wrapper around CASACORE, the radio astronomy\u00a0library
\ncygrid (0.9.8) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Cygrid is a cython-powered convolution-based\u00a0gridding module for astronomy
\nDDFacet (0.3.2) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Facet-based radio astronomy continuum imager
\nf311 (18.1.31.1) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Astronomy-related API, command-line tools, and\u00a0windowed applications
\ngammapy (0.7) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 A Python package for gamma-ray astronomy
\ngary (0.1a) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Galactic astronomy and gravitational dynamics.
\ngastropy (0.0dev) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(g)astronomy
\nhips (0.2) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Python astronomy package for HiPS
\nmclearn (0.1.6) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Active learning algorithms with application in\u00a0astronomy.
\nnovas (3.1.1.4) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0The United States Naval Observatory NOVAS astronomy\u00a0library
\npalpy (1.8.1) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 PAL — A Positional Astronomy Library
\nPyAstronomy (0.12.0) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A collection of astronomy related tools for Python.
\npyzpace (0.2.dev1) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Zach Pace’s astronomy-related python tools
\nsinistra (0.3.3) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0A collection of astronomy related tools.
\nskyfield (1.1) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Elegant astronomy for Python
\nSWHT (0.1.2) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Spherical Wave Harmonic Transform for radio\u00a0astronomy visibility data<\/p>\n

C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop\\workwithenv><\/p>\n

This lists out a list of packages that work with astronomy. Now, we want to search for packages working with numbers.<\/p>\n

(We won\u2019t include the output since it\u2019s too long to include here) But I have a feeling we want to work with the package \u2018numpy\u2019 here.<\/p>\n

Let\u2019s install Python packages.<\/p>\n

1. Installing Python Packages<\/h4>\n

C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop\\workwithenv>pip install numpy<\/p>\n

Collecting numpy<\/p>\n

Using cached numpy-1.14.1-cp36-none-win32.whl<\/p>\n

Installing collected packages: numpy<\/p>\n

Successfully installed numpy-1.14.1<\/p>\n

C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop\\workwithenv><\/p>\n

This is what it looks like in the command prompt:<\/p>\n

\"Installing<\/a>

Python Virtual Environment\u00a0 – Install Python Packages<\/p><\/div>\n

Now, we look into C:\\Users\\lifei\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python36-32\\Lib\\site-packages, and we find this:<\/p>\n

\"Install<\/a>

Python Virtual Environment\u00a0 – Install Python Packages<\/p><\/div>\n

Actually, pip has a number of subcommands like search, install, uninstall, and freeze.<\/p>\n

You can also install a specific version of a package by following the package name by ==, and then by the version number:<\/p>\n

pip install numpy==1.14.1<\/p>\n

In fact, to check what version of numpy you are using, you can type the following in the interpreter:<\/p>\n

>>> import numpy\r\n>>> numpy.version.version<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
‘1.14.1’<\/div>\n
Or, you can do:<\/p>\n
>>> numpy.__version__<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u20181.14.1\u2019<\/div>\n
Running the command to install numpy again will just be ignored by the interpreter.<\/p>\n
C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop\\workwithenv>pip install numpy<\/p>\n
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages<\/p>\n
2. Checking for Upgrades<\/h4>\n
However, you can check for upgrades:<\/p>\n
C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop\\workwithenv>pip install –upgrade numpy<\/p>\n
Requirement already up-to-date: numpy in<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages<\/p>\n
3. Uninstalling a Python Package<\/h4>\n
To uninstall a package, we do this:<\/p>\n
C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop\\workwithenv>pip uninstall certifi<\/p>\n
Uninstalling certifi-2018.1.18:<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages\\certifi-<\/p>\n
2018.1.18.dist-info\\description.rst<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages\\certifi-<\/p>\n
2018.1.18.dist-info\\installer<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages\\certifi-<\/p>\n
2018.1.18.dist-info\\license.txt<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages\\certifi-<\/p>\n
2018.1.18.dist-info\\metadata<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages\\certifi-<\/p>\n
2018.1.18.dist-info\\metadata.json<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages\\certifi-<\/p>\n
2018.1.18.dist-info\\record<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages\\certifi-<\/p>\n
2018.1.18.dist-info\\top_level.txt<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages\\certifi-<\/p>\n
2018.1.18.dist-info\\wheel<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-<\/p>\n
packages\\certifi\\__init__.py<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-<\/p>\n
packages\\certifi\\__main__.py<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-<\/p>\n
packages\\certifi\\__pycache__\\__init__.cpython-36.pyc<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-<\/p>\n
packages\\certifi\\__pycache__\\__main__.cpython-36.pyc<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-<\/p>\n
packages\\certifi\\__pycache__\\core.cpython-36.pyc<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-<\/p>\n
packages\\certifi\\cacert.pem<\/p>\n
c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages\\certifi\\core.py<\/p>\n
Proceed (y\/n)? y<\/p>\n
Successfully uninstalled certifi-2018.1.18<\/p>\n
C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop\\workwithenv><\/p>\n
4. Learning About a Python Package<\/h4>\n
To find out about a particular package, we use the subcommand \u2018show\u2019:<\/p>\n
C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop\\workwithenv>pip show numpy<\/p>\n
Name: numpy<\/p>\n
Version: 1.14.1<\/p>\n
Summary: NumPy: array processing for numbers, strings, records, and objects.<\/p>\n
Home-page: http:\/\/www.numpy.org<\/p>\n
Author: NumPy Developers<\/p>\n
Author-email: numpy-discussion@python.org<\/p>\n
License: BSD<\/p>\n
Location: c:\\users\\lifei\\appdata\\local\\programs\\python\\python36-32\\lib\\site-packages<\/p>\n
Requires:<\/p>\n
5. List the Packages Installed in Python<\/h4>\n
Now, to list all packages that are installed, we use \u2018list\u2019:<\/p>\n
C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop\\workwithenv>pip list<\/p>\n
DEPRECATION: The default format will switch to columns in the future. You can use –format=<\/p>\n
(legacy|columns) (or define a format=(legacy|columns) in your pip.conf under the [list] section)<\/p>\n
to disable this warning.<\/p>\n
numpy (1.14.1)<\/p>\n
pip (9.0.1)<\/p>\n
setuptools (28.8.0)<\/p>\n
virtualenv (15.1.0)<\/p>\n
This lists the packages alongside the versions installed.<\/p>\n
6. Freeze in Python<\/h4>\n
The freeze subcommand with pip will return a list of packages installed, but in the format that<\/p>\n
pip install expects:<\/p>\n
C:\\Users\\lifei\\Desktop\\workwithenv>pip freeze<\/p>\n
numpy==1.14.1<\/p>\n
virtualenv==15.1.0<\/p>\n
So, this is all about Python Virtual Environment and installing Python Packages. Hope you like our explanation.<\/p>\n
Common tools used in a virtual environment:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
  • Venv:<\/strong> It is a built-in module in Python, which is used for creating a virtual environment.<\/li>\n
  • Virtualenv: It is a powerful third-party tool used for older versions of Python.<\/li>\n
  • Conda: An environment and package manager is used, which is popular in data science, that can also manage different Python versions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Python Interview Questions on Virtual Environment<\/h3>\n
    1. What is a virtual environment in Python?<\/p>\n
    2. How to create a virtual environment in Python?<\/p>\n
    3. How do Python virtual environments work?<\/p>\n
    4. What is the use of a virtual environment in Python?<\/p>\n
    5. How to list virtual environments in Python?<\/p>\n
    Conclusion<\/h3>\n
    Hence, in this lesson on Python virtual environment and Python Packages, we learned about how to set up a virtual environment so all your applications will run without a dispute.<\/p>\n
    Then, we learned how to use pip to install a package. We also saw subcommands like show, list, freeze, and so.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    In this blog, we will discuss what a Python virtual environment is? Moreover, we will study how to create Virtual Environment in Python Programming Language and how to install Python packages using pip. 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