{"id":91340,"date":"2021-04-17T09:00:49","date_gmt":"2021-04-17T03:30:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=91340"},"modified":"2021-04-28T13:28:24","modified_gmt":"2021-04-28T07:58:24","slug":"number-systems-in-computer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/number-systems-in-computer\/","title":{"rendered":"Number Systems in Computer"},"content":{"rendered":"

The number system is something we use every day to complete our tasks and routine activities. For this, we have a system in place with unique symbols and specific values. This system becomes what we call a number system helping us calculate everything. <\/span><\/p>\n

The basic features of a number system are – unique symbols, consistency, comparable value results and are easy to reproduce. The Decimal system remains the most basic system used by humans with a base power of 10 but the same things can’t go for machines as well.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Machines interpret numbers differently from humans thus require a different system altogether. Whenever we type something on a device, those letters convert into certain numbers which only the computer can understand. A positional number system is what a device needs where there are digits and different values making up an entire number. Each digit has its own unique position and a symbol. Each digit\u2019s value can be determined by – the digit, position of the digit in the number, and the base of the number.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

There are four number systems that a computer supports. They are –\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Binary<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Octal<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Decimal<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Hexadecimal<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    S.No.<\/b><\/td>\nNumber System<\/b><\/td>\nDescription<\/b><\/td>\nExample<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1<\/span><\/td>\nBinary Number System<\/span><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • Base 2.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Digits used: 0, 1<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
    		11010<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2<\/span><\/td>\nOctal Number System<\/span><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • Base 8.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Digits used: 0 to 7<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
    		12570<\/span>8\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    3<\/span><\/td>\nHexadecimal Number System<\/span><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • Base 16.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Digits used: 0 to 9<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Letters used: A- F<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
    		27FB<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    4<\/span><\/td>\nDecimal Number System<\/span><\/td>\n\n
      \n
    • Base 10.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Digits used: 0 to 9<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
    		1234<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    1. Decimal Number System<\/h3>\n

    The decimal number system is the most common number system we use in our daily lives. This number system has only 10 digits as it uses numbers from 0 and ends at 9. All digits have their own place value according to their position.<\/p>\n

    With each movement from right to left, the number value increases by 10. The position on the left of the decimal is for tens, hundreds, thousands, and so on units.<\/p>\n

    For example – The decimal number 4567 consists of 7 at the unit position, 6 in the tens position, 2 in the hundreds position, and 1 in the thousands position.<\/p>\n

    (4 x 1000)+ (5 x 100)+ (6 x 10)+ (7 x l)
    \n4000 + 500 + 60 + 7
    \n4567<\/p>\n

    2. Binary Number System<\/h3>\n

    The most basic unit of storage in a device is represented by a bit. A computer uses a bit to show any sort of information. Transistors are an important part of a computer system allowing current to flow in a device. It can either be on or off.<\/p>\n

    Every number that we see on a computer is an electrical signal which was previously represented by on and off creating a binary switch. The on and off-state uses 1 and 0 to represent the situation making the binary number system a base of 2.<\/p>\n

    Only these two symbols represent every number. 0 is for the lower rate while 1 is for the higher rate. The numbers are not as an individual unit here but are made of groups of 1s and 0s. Each binary digit is a bit and the place values are ascending powers of two from left to right. The least significant bit is on the rightmost side while the most significant bit is on the leftmost side. For example – 11010<\/p>\n

    When converting to decimal system –
    \n= 11010
    \n= 1\u00d724 + 1\u00d723 + 0\u00d722 + 1\u00d721 + 0\u00d720
    \n= 16 + 8 + 0 + 2 + 0
    \n= 2610<\/p>\n

    The conversion chart of the bit is –<\/span><\/p>\n