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<\/a><\/p>\n1. Network security<\/h4>\n
Network security refers to a set of rules and configurations to protect network traffic and data. They prevent data theft by monitoring network connections.<\/p>\n
2. System security<\/h4>\n
Safeguard the system and OS from malicious intrusion, modification, and Virus.<\/p>\n
3. Application security<\/h4>\n
Protects the application from being hijacked.<\/p>\n
4. Information security<\/h4>\n
Secures sensitive information from unauthorized access and prevents misuse, disclosure, or destruction of data.<\/p>\n
5. Web security<\/h4>\n
Protects a web application from security breaches from unauthorized personnel.<\/p>\n
6. Mobile security<\/h4>\n
Protection of all gadgets associated with wireless computing like smartphones tablets and laptops.<\/p>\n
History Of Cyber Security<\/h3>\n
Cybersecurity came into existence as a research project on ARPANET in the year 1972.<\/p>\n
Bob Thomas, a researcher, invented the first computer virus and named it \u201cCreeper\u201d. The Creeper moved across the network leaving a trail. Wherever it went, it printed the message “I’M THE CREEPER: CATCH ME IF YOU CAN”.<\/p>\n
Ray Tomlinson, the inventor of email created the first antivirus called \u201cReaper\u201d. Reaper would chase and delete the creeper along its trail. In the late 1990s, when the world entered online, computer viruses turned into serious threats from a mere academic prank.<\/p>\n
What is the need for Cyber Security?<\/h3>\n
The cost of cybersecurity breaches is rising exponentially causing serious financial losses to businesses. The global average cost of a data breach for the year 2019 is $3.92 million, with a 1.5 percent increase from the 2018 survey.<\/p>\n
Attackers have increased their complexity of attacks by using smart tactics, throwing a huge challenge for the organization to maintain their security up to the mark.<\/p>\n
What can you do with Cybersecurity?<\/h3>\n
Cybersecurity helps us to protect our Network and system resources which contain business crucial information. This is achieved by strengthening the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data.<\/p>\n
The various techniques in cybersecurity help us in protecting the data and minimizing the risk of system breach making the business sustainable.<\/p>\n
How does Cyber Security make working so easy?<\/h3>\n
Cybersecurity makes our day-to-day work very easy by making sure the resources are available in the network as and when required.<\/p>\n
A small vulnerability can cause huge damage to the company’s resources and reputation.<\/p>\n
Cybersecurity saves the day by reinforcing the privacy, security, and correctness of data.<\/p>\n
Damage to business from security breaches<\/h3>\n
Even the most renowned companies in the world have faced destructive losses from data breaches.<\/p>\n
In 2013, Adobe faced a massive breach compromising 3 million customer\u2019s credit card data. The company reported that hackers stole encrypted customer login details. The company had to pay $1.1 million as a legal fee for disclosure of customer records.<\/p>\n
Motives behind Cyberattacks<\/h3>\n
The motive behind cybercrimes can be any of the following:<\/p>\n
- \n
- To damage the reputation of an organization<\/li>\n
- Financial gain via ransom<\/li>\n
- Revenge for personal reasons<\/li>\n
- Political causes<\/li>\n
- To instill fear<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Cyber Criminals and their types<\/h3>\n
Cyber Criminals are attackers with the motivation to Commit malicious activity to a network. They are of the following types:<\/p>\n
1. Script kiddies<\/h4>\n
These are thrill-seekers and enthusiasts who want to be a hacker but lack technical expertise.<\/p>\n
2. Spammers<\/h4>\n
These criminals spam your inbox with bulk messages. They try to steal your data and perform fraudulent activities.<\/p>\n
3. Hacker groups<\/h4>\n
These are Informal communities that work anonymously with the same motive of breaking the security of a target.<\/p>\n
4. Phishers<\/h4>\n
Phishers try to gain personal details like usernames and passwords. They present themselves as trustworthy entities to obtain this information.<\/p>\n
5. Insiders<\/h4>\n
Disloyal individuals within an organization who are willfully stealing, damaging or exposing internal data of an organization.<\/p>\n
6. Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) Agents<\/h4>\n
They perfectly execute organized crimes against a target by a long-term presence on a network to mine highly sensitive data.<\/p>\n
7. Identity Thieves<\/h4>\n
They steal the identity of another person without their knowledge to commit fraud like making financial transactions.<\/p>\n
Types of Cyber Threats\/Attacks<\/h3>\n
Cyber attacks are of various types:<\/p>\n
Based On the attacker’s motivation cyber attacks can be classified into two types.<\/strong><\/p>\n
a. Passive attack<\/h4>\n
The attacker\u2019s motivation is to gain confidential information without affecting the system resources or threatening the victim.<\/p>\n
b. Active attack<\/h4>\n
The attacker modifies the information and causes a threat to system resources causing damage to the integrity of the system.<\/p>\n
The various methods employed by cybercriminals to breach security are as follows<\/h4>\n
1. Malware<\/h4>\n
Malware is malicious software made by the hacker to damage a genuine user\u2019s system. It usually spreads when you install rogue software or click an infected link or email.<\/p>\n
The different types of malware are:<\/span><\/p>\n
a. Virus<\/h5>\n
A virus is a self-replicating computer program that spreads through the computer system infecting other clean files.<\/p>\n
b. Trojan horse<\/h5>\n
It is a corrupted code that looks real and misleads users of its original purpose. If the user is fooled into thinking it’s a harmless file the trojan spreads to other files and harms a computer.<\/p>\n
c. Spyware<\/h5>\n
A code that secretly captures user activities like internet usage data and makes use of the tracked information for fraud purposes.<\/p>\n
d. Ransomware<\/h5>\n
Ransomware is a type of malware that locks the user’s system. The attacker demands a ransom to restore access.<\/p>\n
e. Botnets<\/h5>\n
Botnets are devices connected over the internet. It is used for Launching Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) on the user\u2019s website or to steal data.<\/p>\n
2. SQL injection<\/h4>\n
SQL injection runs a Structured Query Language code in the database of a website to access sensitive data like private customer details.<\/p>\n
3. Phishing<\/h4>\n
Method where cybercriminals steal user data like login credentials and credit card numbers by duping like a trusted party. It is simply launched via email or a text message.<\/p>\n
4. Man-in-the-middle attack<\/h4>\n
MitM attack is of eavesdropping nature, where the unauthorized third party secretly intercepts the communication between two parties.<\/p>\n
5. Denial-of-service attack<\/h4>\n
The attacker cuts down all messages directed to a specific destination. This is done by disrupting a whole network or overloading it with messages to degrade performance.<\/p>\n
6. Scareware<\/h4>\n
The attacker scares the user and tricks him into purchasing an anti-virus. Once it’s installed by the system user, it starts throwing messages on the screen that your system is under fire and throws the victim into a panic. Then it redirects a victim to a bogus website to shop for an anti-virus.<\/p>\n
7. Keylogger<\/h4>\n
Keylogger is a code that downloads the log of all the keystrokes of the system. It is sent to the hacker\u2019s computer, to access sensitive information like user ids and passwords.<\/p>\n
Cyber Security Methods<\/h3>\n