{"id":85806,"date":"2021-02-25T09:00:03","date_gmt":"2021-02-25T03:30:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=85806"},"modified":"2021-02-24T10:53:37","modified_gmt":"2021-02-24T05:23:37","slug":"sap-abap-tables-types-and-fields","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sap-abap-tables-types-and-fields\/","title":{"rendered":"SAP ABAP Tables &#8211; Types and Fields"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In this tutorial, we\u2019ll be learning what are Tables, Table Fields in ABAP, Types of SAP ABAP Tables, How to create Tables in Data Dictionary, What are Internal Tables, Purpose of Internal Tables, Types of Internal Tables and How to create, modify internal tables.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s start our journey!!!!<\/p>\n<h3>What are Tables in ABAP?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>A table is a 2D structure that can be created independently of the database, comprising a grid of rows and columns<\/li>\n<li>Rows of a table are called records and columns are called fields<\/li>\n<li>Rows are individual entries, while columns contain data types &amp; domains<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/What-are-Tables.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-85841\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/What-are-Tables.png\" alt=\"Tables in SAB ABAP\" width=\"781\" height=\"422\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/What-are-Tables.png 781w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/What-are-Tables-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/What-are-Tables-150x81.png 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/What-are-Tables-768x415.png 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/What-are-Tables-720x389.png 720w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/What-are-Tables-520x281.png 520w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/What-are-Tables-320x173.png 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 781px) 100vw, 781px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Table Fields in ABAP<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tables can have several fields, which in turn contain many elements. Let\u2019s look at a few of these fields &#8211;<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>FIELD\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>DESCRIPTION<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Field Name<\/td>\n<td>Field name is the name of the field, beginning with a letter and containing alphabets, numbers and\/or underscore \u2018_\u2019. The maximum length allowed is 16 characters<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Key Flag<\/td>\n<td>This is a checkpoint use to determine if a particular field is part of a key field or not.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Field type<\/td>\n<td>It is the data type of a field<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Field Length<\/td>\n<td>This is the length or count of characters that can be used for a field.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Decimal Places<\/td>\n<td>Decimal places are the number of integers that can be added after the floating point.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Short Text<\/td>\n<td>This is used for description of whatever field it is related to<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Types of Tables in ABAP<\/h3>\n<p>There are three types of tables in ABAP. They are &#8211;<\/p>\n<h4>1. Transparent tables in SAP ABAP<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Transparent tables contain the master data i.e. information source of all data elements in the database.<\/li>\n<li>It is said to have a \u2018one-to-one\u2019 relationship with data dictionary fields.<\/li>\n<li>This means that the name and number of fields from the table are equivalent to those from the data dictionary table.<\/li>\n<li>Transparent tables usually store application data.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. Cluster tables in SAP ABAP<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Cluster tables are said to have a \u2018many-to-one\u2019 relationship with the data dictionary table.<\/li>\n<li>Here, there are said to be many tables from the database for one table in the dictionary.<\/li>\n<li>All the tables are stored as a cluster within one table in the database.<\/li>\n<li>Cluster tables usually store system data.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. Pooled tables in SAP ABAP<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Pooled tables are said to have a \u2018many-to-one\u2019 relationship with the data dictionary table.<\/li>\n<li>This means that if you consider one field from the pooled table database, there are many equivalent ones from the ABAP dictionary.<\/li>\n<li>Hence, the tables might not have a common primary key field.<\/li>\n<li>Pooled tables usually store system data.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>How to create Tables in Data Dictionary<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>A user-defined table must start with \u2018Z\u2019 or \u2018Y\u2019<\/li>\n<li>The name may contain alphabets, numbers and underscores<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Here are the steps to create a new table in SAP ABAP &#8211;<\/h4>\n<p>1. Open the SAP application system<\/p>\n<p>2. Enter t-code \u2018SE11\u2019 to open the Data Dictionary screen<\/p>\n<p>3. Click on the first radio button \u2018Database Table\u2019 and enter the name you want to give the table (must start with \u2018Z\u2019 or \u2018Y\u2019!)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-85842\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-1.png\" alt=\"How to create Tables in Data Dictionary\" width=\"838\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-1.png 838w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-1-300x206.png 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-1-150x103.png 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-1-768x528.png 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-1-720x495.png 720w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-1-520x357.png 520w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-1-320x220.png 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 838px) 100vw, 838px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>4. Click on the \u2018Create\u2019 button below. This opens a popup window<\/p>\n<p>5. Give a short description of what the table will be about<\/p>\n<p>6. Enter Delivery Class as \u2018A\u2019 (default)<\/p>\n<p>7. Click on the option &#8211; \u2018Display\/Maintenance Allowed\u2019 so that you can edit it later if needed<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-85843\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-2.png\" alt=\"How to create Tables in Data Dictionary in ABAP\" width=\"1019\" height=\"378\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-2.png 1019w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-2-300x111.png 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-2-150x56.png 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-2-768x285.png 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-2-720x267.png 720w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-2-520x193.png 520w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-2-320x119.png 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1019px) 100vw, 1019px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>8. Click on \u2018Save\u2019<\/p>\n<p>9. Select the tab called \u2018Fields\u2019 and enter field &amp; data element name<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-3-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-85844\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-3-1.png\" alt=\"create tables in SAP ABAP\" width=\"895\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-3-1.png 895w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-3-1-300x138.png 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-3-1-150x69.png 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-3-1-768x354.png 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-3-1-720x332.png 720w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-3-1-520x240.png 520w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/How-to-create-Tables-in-Data-Dictionary-3-1-320x148.png 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 895px) 100vw, 895px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>10. Click on \u2018Save\u2019<\/p>\n<p>11. Table is created &#8211; you can now activate it<\/p>\n<h3>What are Internal Tables in SAP ABAP?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Internal tables are similar to database tables in terms of structure &#8211; rows and columns.<\/li>\n<li>However, they do not store any data in the memory i.e. all the data displayed by internal tables is temporary.<\/li>\n<li>Internal tables are usually used to create manipulations in data and updates required by aggregation methods.<\/li>\n<li>Internal tables can also be classified as both data objects and data types.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Purpose of ABAP Internal Tables<\/h3>\n<p>There are many uses that an internal table can embibe. Here are some of them &#8211;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Internal tables can be used to aggregate data and summarize data from memory.<\/li>\n<li>They can be used to display results of expressions calculated via tables that may be useful for a specific purpose.<\/li>\n<li>They may hold data for quick access e.g. if you want to check data only from a few fields rather than all, you may filter out the rest in an internal table and use the relevant data only.<\/li>\n<li>Internal tables are multipurpose and can be used as data types as well as data objects.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Types of SAP ABAP internal tables<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/Types-of-internal-tables.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-85823\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/Types-of-internal-tables.jpg\" alt=\"SAP ABAP Internal Tables\" width=\"800\" height=\"628\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/Types-of-internal-tables.jpg 800w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/Types-of-internal-tables-300x236.jpg 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/Types-of-internal-tables-150x118.jpg 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/Types-of-internal-tables-768x603.jpg 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/Types-of-internal-tables-720x565.jpg 720w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/Types-of-internal-tables-520x408.jpg 520w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/Types-of-internal-tables-320x251.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4>1. Standard Tables in ABAP<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Standard tables are accessed linearly, using a progressive index<\/li>\n<li>The key of the table is usually non unique<\/li>\n<li>Hence the rows are added one after the other, at the very end<\/li>\n<li>The entries can be accessed using index or key<\/li>\n<li>Uses APPEND command to add records<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. Sorted Tables in ABAP<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Sorted tables, as the name goes, have sorted entries<\/li>\n<li>The rows are sorted using key, which is unique<\/li>\n<li>Hence duplicate entries are not allowed<\/li>\n<li>Uses INSERT command to add record using data and key<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3. Hashed Tables in ABAP<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>They do not have linear index, in fact they are non-indexed<\/li>\n<li>Instead, hashed tables are stored using a hash algorithm<\/li>\n<li>They are usually used when the volume of data to be stored or processed is very large<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>How to create and modify internal tables in ABAP<\/h3>\n<p>In the \u2018DATA\u2019 statement in ABAP, internal tables can be created by using keywords \u2018TABLE OF\u2019 as shown &#8211;<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\">REPORT ZR_SS_DATAFLAIR_SAMPLE_001.\r\n\r\nTYPES: BEGIN OF ty_dataflair,\r\n       id(5)    TYPE n,\r\n       name(10) TYPE c,\r\n       END OF ty_dataflair.\r\n\r\nDATA: df_dataflair TYPE ty_dataflair.\r\n\r\n\"Referring to local data type\r\nDATA: df1 TYPE TABLE OF ty_dataflair.\r\n\"Referring to local data object\r\nDATA: df2 LIKE TABLE OF df_dataflair.\r\n\"Referring to data type in ABAP dictionary\r\nDATA: df3 TYPE TABLE OF mara.\r\n<\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To add to the internal table, use APPEND statement as follows &#8211;\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\">REPORT ZR_SS_DATAFLAIR_SAMPLE_001.\r\n\r\nTYPES: BEGIN OF ty_dataflair,\r\n       id(5)    TYPE n,\r\n       name(10) TYPE c,\r\n       END OF ty_dataflair.\r\n\r\nDATA: df_dataflair TYPE ty_dataflair.\r\n\r\nDATA: it TYPE TABLE OF ty_dataflair.\r\n\r\ndf_dataflair-id    = 1.\r\ndf_dataflair-name  = 'DATA'.\r\nAPPEND df_dataflair TO it.\r\n\r\ndf_dataflair-id    = 2.\r\ndf_dataflair-name  = 'FLAIR'.\r\nAPPEND df_dataflair TO it.\r\n\r\ndf_dataflair-id    = 3.\r\ndf_dataflair-name  = 'ABAP'.\r\nAPPEND df_dataflair TO it.<\/pre>\n<h3>Summary<\/h3>\n<p>Hence in this tutorial we learnt about the building blocks of a relational database &#8211; tables. We learnt about the different types and uses of database tables.<\/p>\n<p>We also learnt about internal tables, why they are important and how to create both types of tables in SAP.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this tutorial, we\u2019ll be learning what are Tables, Table Fields in ABAP, Types of SAP ABAP Tables, How to create Tables in Data Dictionary, What are Internal Tables, Purpose of Internal Tables, Types&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":85822,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23786],"tags":[23804,23802,23803],"class_list":["post-85806","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sap-abap","tag-abap-internal-tables","tag-abap-tables","tag-sap-abap-tables"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SAP ABAP Tables - Types and Fields - DataFlair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn about Tables in SAP ABAP, Table Fields, Types of Tables, How to create Tables, Internal Tables, Purpose and types of Internal Tables.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sap-abap-tables-types-and-fields\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SAP ABAP Tables - Types and Fields - DataFlair\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn about Tables in SAP ABAP, Table Fields, Types of Tables, How to create Tables, Internal Tables, Purpose and types of Internal Tables.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sap-abap-tables-types-and-fields\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"DataFlair\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataFlairWS\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-02-25T03:30:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/three-types-of-tables-in-SAP-ABAP.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"628\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"DataFlair Team\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@DataFlairWS\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@DataFlairWS\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"DataFlair Team\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"SAP ABAP Tables - Types and Fields - DataFlair","description":"Learn about Tables in SAP ABAP, Table Fields, Types of Tables, How to create Tables, Internal Tables, Purpose and types of Internal Tables.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sap-abap-tables-types-and-fields\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"SAP ABAP Tables - Types and Fields - DataFlair","og_description":"Learn about Tables in SAP ABAP, Table Fields, Types of Tables, How to create Tables, Internal Tables, Purpose and types of Internal Tables.","og_url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sap-abap-tables-types-and-fields\/","og_site_name":"DataFlair","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataFlairWS\/","article_published_time":"2021-02-25T03:30:03+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":628,"url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/three-types-of-tables-in-SAP-ABAP.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"DataFlair Team","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@DataFlairWS","twitter_site":"@DataFlairWS","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"DataFlair Team","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sap-abap-tables-types-and-fields\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sap-abap-tables-types-and-fields\/"},"author":{"name":"DataFlair Team","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/#\/schema\/person\/b49855299264df5e27e3ec6c2cd9fde9"},"headline":"SAP ABAP Tables &#8211; 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