XML format is used to define JSP Actions. What makes them different from directives is that each time a page is visited, if it contains actions then those actions get re-evaluated.<\/p>\n Common Syntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n There are in all eleven JSP action tags. They are:<\/p>\n Before discussing these JSP actions, there are two important attributes that are common to all actions. They are id and scope. id refers the object uniquely created by actions, scope tells about the life of that object. The scope attribute has four values. They are page, application, session, and request.<\/p>\n This action will include the required resources like html, servlets and JSP. Syntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n Advantages of include actions are:<\/strong><\/p>\n Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n Explanation:<\/strong> Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n If we want to instantiate bean (many objects encapsulated in one object) class in our JSP page, then this action comes into play. It has following attributes:<\/p>\n Syntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n Explanation:<\/strong> Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n jsp:setProperty and getProperty are used with usebeans. It is used to modify the properties of beans. It gets executed when new objects are created.<\/p>\n This has four attributes:<\/p>\n Syntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n **Example with get property<\/p>\n This action gets the value of the property and gives it out on the output as a string. Syntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n Explanation:<\/strong> In jsp code, we used useBean action that will instantiate the object myBean. Then we set the property of the object and give it a value \u201cGetSetAction\u201d. Thereafter, using getProperty we fetch the value for myBean that was set as GetSetAction as our output.<\/p>\n Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n This action as the name suggests forwards the request to another page. This other page may be static as well as a JSP page. Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n Explanation:<\/strong> User calls main.jsp but gets forwarded to other.jsp<\/p>\n Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n Plugin inserts java objects or embed tags into a JSP page. It has three attributes:<\/p>\n Syntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n **Example of plugin with param<\/p>\n It sends parameters to a bean or applet. It can also be said as the child object of a plugin. Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n Explanation:<\/strong> In the First.jsp we are using plugin attributes type, code and codebase. In that we are having param child objects that get the name and value for the plugin. Whereas in Colour.java, we have used getters and setters to get and set the values of name and id.<\/p>\n Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n In the body part of this action, we can define XML. Elements will be generated at runtime i.e. dynamically. **Example of element, attribute, body together below.<\/p>\n Once XML is defined, we can also define its attribute dynamically. Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n Explanation:<\/strong> Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n![\"JSP](\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/08\/JSP-Actions.jpg\")
<\/a><\/p>\nJSP Actions<\/h2>\n
<jsp:action_name attribute=\u201dvalue\u201d\/><\/pre>\n
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1. <java:include><\/h3>\n
\nThis jsp:include action is different from jsp directive. Include directive includes resources at the time of translation, whereas include action includes resources dynamically at request time. Action directives work well for static pages, whereas later works better for dynamic pages.
\nThere are two attributes under include:<\/p>\n\n
<jsp:include page=\"page URL\" flush=\"true\/false\"><\/pre>\n
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Main.jsp\r\n<html>\r\n<head>\r\n <title>JSP Actions<\/title>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n<h3>--DataFlair--<\/h3>\r\n<jsp:include page=\"date.jsp\" flush=\"true\" \/>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\n \r\ndate.jsp\r\n<html>\r\n<head>\r\n \r\n<title>JSP Actions<\/title>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n<p>\r\nToday's date: <%= (new java.util.Date()).toLocaleString()%>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\n<\/pre>\n
\nIn this example we can see that main.jsp includes date.jsp that gives date and time, whereas date.jsp contains the code to retrieve the date.<\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n2. <jsp:usebean><\/h3>\n
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<jsp:useBean id= \"bean\" scope= \"page\/(session\/request\/application)\" \r\nclass= \"package.class\" type= \"package.class\" \r\nbeanName=\"package.class > \r\n<\/jsp:useBean>\r\n<\/pre>\n
square.java\r\nPackage demotest;\r\npublic class square\r\n{ \r\n public int square(int n)\r\n \t{return n*n;} \r\n} \r\n \r\nexample.jsp\r\n<html>\r\n<title>usebean<\/title>\r\n<body>\r\n<jsp:useBean id=\"obj\" class=\"demotest.square\"\/> \r\n <% \r\nint m=obj.square(3); \r\nout.print(\"square of 3 is \"+m); \r\n%> \r\n<\/body><\/html>\r\n<\/pre>\n
\nIn the java file square.java we prepare a basic class and in jsp file we invoke useBean. The object is thus instantiated, referenced through id. We generate the square of the given number.<\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n3. <jsp:setProperty><\/h3>\n
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<jsp:setProperty name=\u201cbean\u201d property= \u201c*\u201d|\r\nproperty=\u201cpropertyName\u201d value= \u201c<%=expression>\u201d|\r\nproperty=\u201cpropertyName\u201d param= \u201cParametername\u201d\r\n<\/pre>\n
4. <java:getProperty><\/h3>\n
\nTo get the property of a bean, bean and its name must be defined. Our main purpose is to get the value of the property where the property is the name of the bean property that was set by setProperty as well. The attributes used by getProperty are<\/p>\n\n
<jsp:setProperty name=\"bean\" property=\"message\" value=\"Myexample\" \/>\r\n<jsp:getProperty name=\"MyPage\" property=\"message\" \/>\r\n<\/pre>\n
TestBean.java\r\npackage demotest;\r\nimport java.io.Serializable;\r\npublic class TestBean implements Serializable\r\n {\r\nprivate String message = \"null\";\r\n \r\n \tpublic String getMessage() {\r\n \t return msg;\r\n }\r\n \r\n \tpublic void setMessage(String message) {\r\n \tthis.message = message;\r\n }\r\n}\r\n\r\nGetSet.jsp\r\n<%@ page language=\"java\" contentType=\"text\/html; charset=ISO-8859-1\"\r\n pageEncoding=\"ISO-8859-1\"%>\r\n<html>\r\n<head>\r\n<title>Get Set Property<\/title>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n<jsp:useBean id=\"myBean\" class=\"demotest.TestBean\" \/>\r\n<jsp:setProperty name=\"myBean\" property=\"message\" value=\"GetSetActions\" \/>\r\n<jsp:getProperty name=\"myBean\" property=\"message\" \/>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\n<\/pre>\n
\nFirstly, a TestBean class of package demotest that implements serializable class has been defined that gets and sets the message using getters and setters.<\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n5. <jsp:forward><\/h3>\n
\nSyntax:<\/strong><\/p>\nmain.jsp\r\n<jsp:forward =\u201cotherpage.jsp\u201d>\r\n<\/pre>\n
Forward.jsp\r\n<html>\r\n<head>\r\n<title>JSP Forward<\/title>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n<a>I was the requested page but forwarded the request to other<\/a>\r\n<jsp:forward page=\"other.jsp\" \/>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\n \r\nOther.jsp\r\n<html>\r\n<title>JSP Forward 2<\/title>\r\n<h3>DataFlair<\/h3>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n<a>I am the other page where request is forwarded.<\/a>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\n<\/pre>\n
<\/a><\/h3>\n6. <jsp:plugin><\/h3>\n
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<jsp:plugin type=\"bean\/applet\" code=\"className\" codebase=\"package.class\">\r\n<\/pre>\n
7. <jsp:param><\/h3>\n
\nSyntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n<jsp:params>\r\n<jsp:param name=\u201c__\u201d value=\"__\"\/ >\r\n<\/jsp:params>\r\n<\/pre>\n
First.jsp\r\n<html>\r\n<head>\r\n<title>Plugin Param <\/title>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n<jsp:plugin type=\"bean\" code=\"colour.class\" codebase=\"demotest.colour\">\r\n <jsp:params>\r\n <jsp:param name=\"id\" value=\"5\" \/>\r\n <jsp:param name=\"nameofcolour\" value=\"red\" \/>\r\n <\/jsp:params>\r\n<\/jsp:plugin>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\n \r\nColour.java\r\n package demotest;\r\nimport java.io.Serializable;\r\npublic class Colour implements Serializable {\r\n \t\r\n \tpublic String getName () {\r\n \treturn name;\r\n \t}\r\n \tpublic void setName (String name) {\r\n \tthis.name = name;\r\n \t}\r\n \tpublic int getId() {\r\n \treturn id;\r\n \t}\r\n \tpublic void setId (int id) {\r\n \tthis.id = id;\r\n \t} \/\/getters and setters\r\n \tprivate String name = \"null\";\r\n \tprivate int id = 0;\r\n \t\r\n}\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/a><\/p>\n8. <jsp:body>and <jsp:element><\/h3>\n
\nSyntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n<jsp:body>.....\r\n <\/jsp:body>\r\n<\/pre>\n
9. <jsp:attribute><\/jsp:attribute><\/h3>\n
\nSyntax:<\/strong><\/p>\n<jsp:attribute name=\"Put your XMLattribute here..\"> <\/jsp:attribute><\/pre>\n
<html>\r\n<head><title>ele attr body<\/title>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n<jsp:element name=\"XMLelement\">\r\n<jsp:attribute name=\"XMLattribute\">\r\n<\/jsp:attribute>\r\n<jsp:body> My XML<\/jsp:body>\r\n<\/jsp:element>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\n<\/pre>\n
\nThis code contains the example of element, attribute, body of a dynamically generated HTML.<\/p>\n