{"id":7769,"date":"2018-02-10T10:13:36","date_gmt":"2018-02-10T10:13:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=7769"},"modified":"2021-12-07T12:24:02","modified_gmt":"2021-12-07T06:54:02","slug":"sqoop-connectors-drivers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/","title":{"rendered":"Sqoop Connectors and Drivers (JDBC Driver) – Latest Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"

While it comes to the Hadoop ecosystem, the use of words “connector” and “driver” interchangeably, mean completely different things in the context of Sqoop. F<\/span>or every Sqoop invocation, we need both Sqoop Connectors and driver. However, there is a lot of confusion about the use and understanding of these Sqoop concepts<\/a><\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

In this article, we will learn the whole concept of Sqoop Connectors and Drivers in Sqoop. Also, we will see an example of Sqoop connector and Sqoop driver to understand both. Moreover, we will see how\u00a0Sqoop connectors partition, Sqoop connectors format Sqoop connectors\u00a0extractor and\u00a0Sqoop connectors loader<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Let\u2019s start discussing how we use these concepts in<\/span>\u00a0Sqoop to transfer data between Hadoop and other systems.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Sqoop<\/a>

Sqoop Connectors | Sqoop Drivers<\/p><\/div>\n

What is Sqoop Driver?<\/h3>\n

Basically, \u00a0in Sqoop \u201cdriver\u201d simply refers to a JDBC Driver. Moreover, JDBC is nothing but a standard Java API for accessing relational databases and some data warehouses. Likewise, the JDK does not have any default implementation also, the Java language prescribes what classes and methods this interface contains. <\/span><\/p>\n

In addition, for writing their own implementation each database vendor is responsible. However, that will communicate with the corresponding database with its native protocol.<\/span>
\nLet’s revise Sqoop Validation\u2013Interfaces & Limitations of Sqoop Validate<\/strong> <\/a><\/p>\n

To be more specific each database vendor creates drivers. Usually, they are offered with restrictive licenses which prohibits them to be shipped with the Sqoop distribution. Hence we need to download the drivers separately also install them into Sqoop prior to its use.<\/p>\n

3. What are the Sqoop Connectors?<\/h3>\n

Basically, for communication with relational database systems, Structured Query Language (SQL) programing language is designed. Almost every database has its own dialect of SQL, there is a standard prescribing how the language should look like. Usually, the basics are working the same across all databases, although, some edge conditions might be implemented differently. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

However, SQL is a very general query processing language. So, we can say for importing data<\/a> <\/strong>or exporting data<\/strong> <\/a>out of the database server, it is not always the optimal way.<\/span><\/p>\n

In addition, by using Sqoop Connectors, Sqoop can overcome the differences in SQL dialects supported by various databases along with providing optimized data transfer. To be more specific connector is a pluggable piece. That we use to fetch metadata about transferred data (columns, associated data types, \u2026). Also to drive the data transfer itself in the most efficient manner.<\/p>\n

Moreover, there is a basic connector that is shipped with Sqoop. That is what we call Generic JDBC Connector in Sqoop. However, by name, \u00a0it\u2019s using only the JDBC interface for accessing metadata and transferring data. So we can say this many not the most optimal for your use case still this connector will work on most of the databases out of the box. Also, Sqoop ships with specialized connectors.<\/p>\n

Like for MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, DB2, and Netezza. Hence, we don\u2019t need to download extra connectors to start transferring data. Although, we have special connectors available on the internet which can add support for additional database systems or improve the performance of the built-in connectors.
\nRead about Sqoop HCatalog Integration in detail<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Now, let’s see <\/span>how Sqoop connectors partition, format their output, extract data and load data:<\/span><\/p>\n

a. Sqoop Connectors – Partitioner<\/h4>\n

Basically, it generates conditions to be used by the extractor. Also, it varies in how it partitions data transfer based on the partition column data type. Although, each strategy roughly takes on the following form:<\/span>
\n(upper boundary – lower boundary) \/ (max partitions)<\/b>
\nHowever, to partition the data the primary key will be used unless otherwise specified.
\nThere are various data types are currently supported. Such as:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. TINYINT<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. SMALLINT<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. INTEGER<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. BIGINT<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. REAL<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. FLOAT<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. DOUBLE<\/span><\/li>\n
  8. NUMERIC<\/span><\/li>\n
  9. DECIMAL<\/span><\/li>\n
  10. BIT<\/span><\/li>\n
  11. BOOLEAN<\/span><\/li>\n
  12. DATE<\/span><\/li>\n
  13. TIME<\/span><\/li>\n
  14. TIMESTAMP<\/span><\/li>\n
  15. CHAR<\/span><\/li>\n
  16. VARCHAR<\/span><\/li>\n
  17. LONGVARCHAR<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Let’s know about Sqoop Eval-Commands and Query Evaluation in Sqoop<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

    b. Sqoop Connectors – Extractor<\/h4>\n

    The JDBC data source is queried using SQL during the extraction phase. Basically, on the basis of our configuration, this SQL will vary.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. The SQL statement generated will take on the form SELECT * FROM <table name> if Table name is provided.<\/span><\/li>\n
    2. The SQL statement generated will take on the form SELECT <columns> FROM <table name> if Table name and Columns are provided, then.<\/span><\/li>\n
    3. Moreover, the provided SQL statement will be used if Table SQL statement is provided.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      However, the conditions generated by the partitioner are appended to the end of the SQL query to query a section of data.<\/span>
      \nAlso, the Generic JDBC connector in sqoop extracts CSV data usable by the CSV Intermediate Data Format.<\/p>\n

      c. Sqoop Connectors – Loader<\/h4>\n

      Basically, the JDBC data source is queried using SQL, during the loading phase. Also, on the basis of our configuration, this SQL will vary.<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. The SQL statement generated will take on the form INSERT INTO <table name> (col1, col2, …) VALUES (?,?,..), if Table name is provided.<\/span><\/li>\n
      2. The SQL statement generated will take on the form INSERT INTO <table name> (<columns>) VALUES (?,?,..) if Table name and Columns are provided.<\/span><\/li>\n
      3. The provided SQL statement will be used if Table SQL statement is provided.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        By the CSV Intermediate Data Format, this connector expects to receive CSV data consumable.
        \n        Read about the Important difference between Apache Sqoop vs Flume<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

        d. Sqoop Connectors – Destroyer<\/h4>\n

        Also, this connector performs two operations in the destroyer in the TO direction:<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Also, copy the contents of the staging table to the desired table.<\/span><\/li>\n
        2. Moreover, Clear the staging table.<\/span><\/li>\n
        3. Likewise, in the FROM direction, no operations\u00a0can\u00a0perform.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          How to use Sqoop Drivers and Connectors?<\/h3>\n

          Let\u2019s\u00a0see how Sqoop connects to the database to demonstrate how we use drivers and connectors.<\/p>\n

          \"Sqoop<\/a>

          How to use Sqoop Connectors<\/p><\/div>\n

          Sqoop will try to load the best performance\u00a0depends on specified command-line arguments and all available connectors. Basically, with Sqoop scanning this process begins all extra manually downloaded connectors to confirm if we can use one.<\/span>
          \n          Read about Sqoop List Tables \u2013 Arguments and Examples<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

          Also, note that\u00a0since there are no manually installed connectors present\u00a0also no installed connectors identify themselves as candidates, hence Sqoop will check the JDBC URL.\u00a0Also, it will help to see if you are connecting to a database for which a built-in special connector is available. <\/span><\/p>\n

          (For example, for the jdbc:mysql:\/\/ URL that is used for MySQL, Sqoop will pick up the MySQL Connector, which is optimized for MySQL.) Ultimately,\u00a0Sqoop will default to the Generic JDBC Connector if we can not use any connector.<\/span><\/p>\n

          \"Sqoop<\/a>

          How to use Connectors in Sqoop<\/p><\/div>\n

          The next step after selecting the connector is to choose the JDBC driver in Sqoop. As most connectors are specialized for a given database and most databases have only one JDBC driver available, the connector itself determines which driver should be used. (For example, the MySQL connector will always use the MySQL JDBC Driver called Connector\/J.) <\/span><\/p>\n

          The only exception is the Generic JDBC Connector in Sqoop, which isn\u2019t tied to any database and thus can\u2019t determine what JDBC Driver should be used. In that case, you have to supply the driver name in the \u2013driver parameter on the command line. But be careful: Using the \u2013driver parameter will always force Sqoop to use the Generic JDBC Connector regardless of if a more specialized connector is available. <\/span><\/p>\n

          \"Sqoop<\/a>

          How to use Sqoop Drivers<\/p><\/div>\n

          Ultimately, we have determined both Sqoop connector and driver. After that, we can establish the connection between the Sqoop client and the target database.\u00a0Let’s see it diagram below.<\/span><\/p>\n

          \"Sqoop<\/a>

          How to use Drivers in Sqoop<\/p><\/div>\n

          Conclusion – Sqoop Connectors<\/h3>\n

          Hence, in this Sqoop tutorial, we study what is Sqoop Connectors and what is Sqoop\u00a0Driver. Also, we discuss Sqoop connectors partitions, Extract, loader and destroyers. In conclusion, we hope that this\u00a0article has clarified the differences between Sqoop Connectors and drivers.<\/p>\n

          Furthermore, we have seen why\u00a0we need both to transfer data between relational databases and Hadoop ecosystem. Still, if any doubt occurs regarding Sqoop Connectors and Driver, feel free to contact us through the comment section.<\/p>\n

          Refer Sqoop Books<\/a><\/strong> for more learning.
          \n          For reference<\/strong><\/a>

          While it comes to the Hadoop ecosystem, the use of words “connector” and “driver” interchangeably, mean completely different things in the context of Sqoop. For every Sqoop invocation, we need both Sqoop Connectors and...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":11561,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[68],"tags":[7770,13609,13610,13611,13612,13613,13614,13616,15501,15979],"class_list":["post-7769","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sqoop","tag-jdbc-driver","tag-sqoop-connector-and-driver","tag-sqoop-connectors","tag-sqoop-connectors-destroyer","tag-sqoop-connectors-extractor","tag-sqoop-connectors-loader","tag-sqoop-connectors-partition","tag-sqoop-drivers","tag-what-are-sqoop-connectors","tag-what-is-sqoop-driver"],"yoast_head":"\nSqoop Connectors and Drivers (JDBC Driver) - Latest Guide - DataFlair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sqoop Connectors and Drivers - Connector in sqoop, driver in sqoop, how to use connectors and drivers in sqoop, partitioners, extractors, loaders, destroyer\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sqoop Connectors and Drivers (JDBC Driver) - Latest Guide - DataFlair\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sqoop Connectors and Drivers - Connector in sqoop, driver in sqoop, how to use connectors and drivers in sqoop, partitioners, extractors, loaders, destroyer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"DataFlair\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataFlairWS\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-02-10T10:13:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-12-07T06:54:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/03\/Connectors-and-Drivers-01.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"628\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"DataFlair Team\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@DataFlairWS\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@DataFlairWS\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"DataFlair Team\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Sqoop Connectors and Drivers (JDBC Driver) - Latest Guide - DataFlair","description":"Sqoop Connectors and Drivers - Connector in sqoop, driver in sqoop, how to use connectors and drivers in sqoop, partitioners, extractors, loaders, destroyer","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Sqoop Connectors and Drivers (JDBC Driver) - Latest Guide - DataFlair","og_description":"Sqoop Connectors and Drivers - Connector in sqoop, driver in sqoop, how to use connectors and drivers in sqoop, partitioners, extractors, loaders, destroyer","og_url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/","og_site_name":"DataFlair","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataFlairWS\/","article_published_time":"2018-02-10T10:13:36+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-12-07T06:54:02+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":628,"url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/03\/Connectors-and-Drivers-01.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"DataFlair Team","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@DataFlairWS","twitter_site":"@DataFlairWS","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"DataFlair Team","Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/"},"author":{"name":"DataFlair Team","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/#\/schema\/person\/6e11a88eea98179e861a0933f8959f8f"},"headline":"Sqoop Connectors and Drivers (JDBC Driver) – Latest Guide","datePublished":"2018-02-10T10:13:36+00:00","dateModified":"2021-12-07T06:54:02+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/"},"wordCount":1399,"commentCount":1,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/03\/Connectors-and-Drivers-01.jpg","keywords":["JDBC Driver","Sqoop connector and driver","sqoop connectors","Sqoop connectors destroyer","Sqoop connectors Extractor","Sqoop connectors loader","Sqoop connectors partition","sqoop drivers","What are Sqoop Connectors","What is Sqoop Driver"],"articleSection":["Sqoop Tutorials"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/","url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/","name":"Sqoop Connectors and Drivers (JDBC Driver) - Latest Guide - DataFlair","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/03\/Connectors-and-Drivers-01.jpg","datePublished":"2018-02-10T10:13:36+00:00","dateModified":"2021-12-07T06:54:02+00:00","description":"Sqoop Connectors and Drivers - Connector in sqoop, driver in sqoop, how to use connectors and drivers in sqoop, partitioners, extractors, loaders, destroyer","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/03\/Connectors-and-Drivers-01.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/03\/Connectors-and-Drivers-01.jpg","width":1200,"height":628,"caption":"Sqoop Connectors | Sqoop Drivers"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sqoop-connectors-drivers\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Blog Home","item":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Sqoop Tutorials","item":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/category\/sqoop\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Sqoop Connectors and Drivers (JDBC Driver) – Latest Guide"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/#website","url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/","name":"DataFlair","description":"Learn Today. Lead Tomorrow.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/#organization","name":"DataFlair","url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2016\/07\/Data-Flair.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2016\/07\/Data-Flair.png","width":106,"height":48,"caption":"DataFlair"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataFlairWS\/","https:\/\/x.com\/DataFlairWS","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/dataflair-web-services-pvt-ltd\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/DataFlairWS"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/#\/schema\/person\/6e11a88eea98179e861a0933f8959f8f","name":"DataFlair Team","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/54363d8635c383dcd7e3be0ef00dbeef4217c45bf323d27bc2c92366b724df08?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/54363d8635c383dcd7e3be0ef00dbeef4217c45bf323d27bc2c92366b724df08?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/54363d8635c383dcd7e3be0ef00dbeef4217c45bf323d27bc2c92366b724df08?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"DataFlair Team"},"description":"At DataFlair, our team of experts is committed to offering high-quality tutorials on programming, Java, Python, C++, DSA, AI, ML, data Science, Android, Flutter, MERN, Web Development, and technology. We simplify learning to help you advance your career in the tech world.","url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/author\/dfteam5\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7769","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7769"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7769\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":105310,"href":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7769\/revisions\/105310"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7769"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7769"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7769"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}