{"id":6306,"date":"2018-01-23T09:01:16","date_gmt":"2018-01-23T03:31:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=6306"},"modified":"2026-04-24T14:24:55","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T08:54:55","slug":"python-exception-handling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/python-exception-handling\/","title":{"rendered":"Python Exception Handling – Try\/Except Block, Finally Block"},"content":{"rendered":"

In our previous lesson on Errors and Exceptions in Python. Now, we are going to explore Python Exception Handling.<\/p>\n

Here, we will discuss try\/except blocks, finally blocks, and raise blocks. Along with this, we will learn how to define our own Python exception.<\/p>\n

So, let’s begin Exception Handling in Python.<\/p>\n

\"Exception<\/a><\/p>\n

Python Exception Handling<\/p>\n

What is Exception Handling in Python?<\/h3>\n

As we have already seen different types of exceptions in Python, let us see various ways for Python exception handling if we get any Python exception while programming in Python.<\/p>\n

The try\/except blocks<\/h4>\n

When you think a part of your code might throw an exception, put it in a try block.<\/p>\n

Let us see a Python try-except exception example.<\/p>\n

try:\r\n            for i in range(3):\r\n                        print(3\/i)\r\nexcept:\r\n            print(\"You divided by 0\")\r\n     print(\u2018This prints because the exception was handled\u2019)<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
= RESTART: C:\\Users\\lifei\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python36-32\\try2.py =<\/p>\n
You divided by 0<\/p>\n
This prints because the exception was handled<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
What follows is an except block. When you don\u2019t specify which exception to catch, it will catch any. In other words, this is generic for exceptions.<\/p>\n
When an exception is thrown in a try block, the interpreter looks for the except block following it. It will not execute the rest of the code in the try block.<\/p>\n
Python Exceptions are particularly useful when your code takes user input. You never know what the user will enter, and how it will mess with your code.<\/p>\n
1. Python Multiple Excepts<\/h4>\n
It is possible to have multiple except blocks for one try block. Let us see Python multiple exception handling examples.<\/p>\n
>>> a,b=1,0\r\n>>> try:\r\n          print(a\/b)\r\n          print(\"This won't be printed\")\r\n          print('10'+10)\r\nexcept TypeError:\r\n          print(\"You added values of incompatible types\")\r\nexcept ZeroDivisionError:\r\n          print(\"You divided by 0\")<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
You divided by 0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
When the interpreter encounters an exception, it checks the exception blocks associated with that try block.<\/p>\n
These except blocks may declare what kind of exceptions they handle. When the interpreter finds a matching exception, it executes that except block.<\/p>\n
In our example, the first statement under the try block gave us a ZeroDivisionError.<\/p>\n
We handled this in its except block, but the statements in the try block after the first one didn\u2019t execute.<\/p>\n
This is because once an exception is encountered, the statements after that in the try block are skipped.<\/p>\n
And if an appropriate except block or a generic except block isn\u2019t found, the exception isn\u2019t handled.<\/p>\n
In this case, the rest of the program won\u2019t run. But if you handle the exception, the code after the excepts and the finally block will run as expected.<\/p>\n
Let\u2019s try some code for this.<\/p>\n
a,b=1,0\r\ntry:\r\n   print(a\/b)\r\nexcept:\r\n   print(\"You can't divide by 0\")\r\nprint(\"Will this be printed?\")<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
== RESTART: C:\\Users\\lifei\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python36-32\\try.py ==
\nYou can’t divide by 0
\nWill this be printed?<\/div>\n
>>><\/pre>\n
2. Python Multiple Exception in one Except<\/h4>\n
You can also have one except block handle multiple exceptions. To do this, use parentheses. Without that, the interpreter will return a syntax error.<\/p>\n
>>> try:\r\n      print('10'+10)\r\n      print(1\/0)\r\nexcept (TypeError,ZeroDivisionError):\r\n      print(\"Invalid input\")<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
Invalid input<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
3. A Generic except After All Excepts<\/h4>\n
Finally, you can complement all specific except blocks with a generic except at the end.<\/p>\n
This block will serve to handle all exceptions that go undetected by the specific except blocks.<\/p>\n
>>> try:\r\n           print('1'+1)\r\n           print(sum)\r\n           print(1\/0)\r\nexcept NameError:\r\n           print(\"sum does not exist\")\r\nexcept ZeroDivisionError:\r\n           print(\"Cannot divide by 0\")\r\nexcept:\r\n           print(\"Something went wrong\")<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
Something went wrong<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Here, the first statement under the try block tries to concatenate a string to an int. This raises a TypeError.<\/p>\n
As the interpreter comes across this, it checks for an appropriate except block that handles this.<\/p>\n
Also, you can\u2019t put a statement between try and catch blocks.<\/p>\n
try:\r\n   print(\"1\")\r\nprint(\"2\")\r\nexcept:\r\n   print(\"3\")<\/pre>\n
This gives you a syntax error.<\/p>\n
But there can only be one generic or default except block for one try block. The following code gives us \u201cdefault \u2018except:\u2019 must be last\u201d:<\/p>\n
try:\r\n       print(1\/0)\r\nexcept:\r\n       raise\r\nexcept:\r\n       print(\"Raised exception caught\")\r\nfinally:\r\n       print(\"Okay\")\r\nprint(\"Bye\")<\/pre>\n
Finally Block in Python<\/h3>\n
Optionally, you may include a finally exception block after the last except block. The code under this block executes in all circumstances.<\/p>\n
>>> try:\r\n        print(1\/0)\r\nexcept ValueError:\r\n        print(\"This is a value error\")\r\nfinally:\r\n        print(\"This will print no matter what.\")<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
This will print no matter what.
\nTraceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#113>”, line 2, in <module>
\nprint(1\/0)
\nZeroDivisionError: division by zero<\/div>\n
Note that the Python exception message is printed after the finally block executes. Now you may think, why don\u2019t we just use a print statement instead?<\/p>\n
As you can see in the previous example, \u2018finally\u2019 runs even when we fail to catch the exception that occurs. Now what if an exception occurred in except?<\/p>\n
>>> try:\r\n        print(1\/0)\r\nexcept ZeroDivisionError:\r\n        print(2\/0)\r\nfinally:\r\n        print(\"Sorry, not happening\")<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
Sorry, not happening<\/p>\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#122>”, line 2, in <module><\/p>\n
print(1\/0)<\/p>\n
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:<\/p>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#122>”, line 4, in <module><\/p>\n
print(2\/0)<\/p>\n
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
So as you can see, the code under the finally block executes no matter what.<\/p>\n
Raise Keyword in Python<\/h3>\n
Sometimes, you may want to deal with a situation by raising a certain exception. A simple print statement won\u2019t work here.<\/p>\n
>>> raise ZeroDivisionError<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#132>”, line 1, in <module><\/p>\n
raise ZeroDivisionError<\/p>\n
ZeroDivisionError<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Let\u2019s take our case of division.<\/p>\n
>>> a,b=int(input()),int(input())<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
10<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
>>> if b==0:\r\n        raise ZeroDivisionError<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#140>”, line 2, in <module><\/p>\n
raise ZeroDivisionError<\/p>\n
ZeroDivisionError<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Here, we convert the inputs a and b to integers. Then, we check if b is 0. In that case, we raise a ZeroDivisionError.<\/p>\n
Now what if we put this in try-except blocks? Let\u2019s make a .py file for it.<\/p>\n
a,b=int(input()),int(input())\r\ntry:\r\n       if b==0:\r\n             raise ZeroDivisionError\r\nexcept:\r\n   print(\"You divided by 0\")\r\nprint(\"Will this print?\")<\/pre>\n
When we run this using Fn+F5, we get the following output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
= RESTART: C:\\Users\\lifei\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python36-32\\try2.py =1<\/p>\n
0<\/p>\n
You divided by 0<\/p>\n
Will this print?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
We\u2019ll take just one more example before moving on.<\/p>\n
>>> raise KeyError<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#180>”, line 1, in <module><\/p>\n
raise KeyError<\/p>\n
KeyError<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
1. Raise Without a Specified Exception in Python<\/h4>\n
It is possible to use the raise keyword without specifying what exception to raise. Then, it rethrows the exception that occurred.<\/p>\n
This is why you can only put it in an except block.<\/p>\n
>>> try:\r\n         print('1'+1)\r\nexcept:\r\n         raise<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#152>”, line 2, in <module><\/p>\n
print(‘1’+1)<\/p>\n
TypeError: must be str, not int<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
2. Raise With an Argument in Python<\/h4>\n
Additionally, you can provide an argument to the specified exception in raise.<\/p>\n
You can do this to give out additional details about the exception.<\/p>\n
>>> raise ValueError(\"Inappropriate value\")<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#156>”, line 1, in <module><\/p>\n
raise ValueError(“Inappropriate value”)<\/p>\n
ValueError: Inappropriate value<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Assertions in Python<\/h3>\n
An assertion is actually a sanity check for your cynical, paranoid soul.<\/p>\n
It takes an expression as an argument and raises a Python exception if the expression has a False Boolean value.<\/p>\n
Otherwise, it performs a No-operation (NOP).<\/p>\n
Characteristics of assertion in Python:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
  • A sanity check:<\/strong> A quick check is done to make sure that the code is running exactly the way you expected or not.<\/li>\n
  • True or False:<\/strong> If the condition is true, then the code runs properly. If the condition is false, then the program crashes immediately with an error.<\/li>\n
  • Custom alarm:<\/strong> A short note can be added to the assertion so you know why the code has stopped.<\/li>\n
  • Optional:<\/strong> You can tell Python to ignore all the assertions while running the final version to make it run a bit faster.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    >>> assert(True)\r\n>>><\/pre>\n
    Now what if the expression was False?<\/p>\n
    >>> assert(1==0)<\/pre>\n
    Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
    Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#157>”, line 1, in <module><\/p>\n
    assert(1==0)<\/p>\n
    AssertionError<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
    Let\u2019s take another example, and let\u2019s create a .py file for that.<\/p>\n
    try:\r\n       print(1)\r\n       assert 2+2==4\r\n       print(2)\r\n       assert 1+2==4\r\n       print(3)\r\nexcept:\r\n       print(\"An assert failed.\")\r\n       raise\r\nfinally:\r\n       print(\"Okay\")\r\nprint(\"Bye\")<\/pre>\n
    Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
    = RESTART: C:\\Users\\lifei\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python36-32\\try2.py =1<\/p>\n
    2<\/p>\n
    An assert failed.<\/p>\n
    Okay<\/p>\n
    Traceback (most recent call last):File “C:\\Users\\lifei\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python36-32\\try2.py”, line 5, in <module><\/p>\n
    assert 1+2==4<\/p>\n
    AssertionError<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
    Interestingly, if you remove the raise from under the except block, this is the output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
    = RESTART: C:\\Users\\lifei\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python36-32\\try2.py =1<\/p>\n
    2<\/p>\n
    An assert failed.<\/p>\n
    Okay<\/p>\n
    Bye<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
    This is because when we \u2018raise\u2019 an exception, we aren\u2019t provisioning a handle for it.<\/p>\n
    We can use assertions to check for valid input and output to functions.<\/p>\n
    1. A Second Argument to assert<\/h4>\n
    You may optionally provide a second argument to give out some extra information about the problem.<\/p>\n
    >>> assert False,\"That's a problem\"<\/pre>\n
    Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
    Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#173>”, line 1, in <module><\/p>\n
    assert False,”That’s a problem”<\/p>\n
    AssertionError: That’s a problem<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
    Defining Your Own Exceptions in Python<\/h3>\n
    Finally, we\u2019ll talk about creating our own exceptions. For this, we derive a new class from the Exception class.<\/p>\n
    Later, we call it like any other exception.<\/p>\n
    >>> class MyError(Exception):\r\nprint(\"This is a problem\")\r\n>>> raise MyError(\"MyError happened\")<\/pre>\n
    Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
    Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#179>”, line 1, in <module><\/p>\n
    raise MyError(“MyError happened”)<\/p>\n
    MyError: MyError happened<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
    This was all about the Python Exception Handling Cheat Sheet.<\/p>\n
    Python Interview Questions on Exception Handling<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. What is Python exception handling? Explain with an example.<\/li>\n
    2. Why is exception handling important in Python?<\/li>\n
    3. How to handle multiple exceptions in Python?<\/li>\n
    4. How does Python handle value exceptions?<\/li>\n
    5. What is the purpose of try and catch in Python exception handling?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      Conclusion<\/h3>\n
      After this article, we hope you\u2019ll play safer with your code. This is because now you can\u00a0do Python Exception Handling, raise it, and even create your own.<\/p>\n
      If you\u2019d like to add your own code on Python Exception Handling to the comments, we\u2019d love to hear it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      In our previous lesson on Errors and Exceptions in Python. Now, we are going to explore Python Exception Handling. Here, we will discuss try\/except blocks, finally blocks, and raise blocks. Along with this, we...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":36073,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[4432,4437,10520,10521],"class_list":["post-6306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-exception-handling-in-python","tag-exception-in-python","tag-python-exception-handling","tag-python-exceptions"],"yoast_head":"\nPython Exception Handling - Try\/Except Block, Finally Block - DataFlair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Python Exception Handling - methods to do python exception handling, try cath block, finally block,assertions, Raise keyword, Define your own exceptions\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/python-exception-handling\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Python Exception Handling - 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