{"id":62701,"date":"2019-07-12T12:10:03","date_gmt":"2019-07-12T06:40:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=62701"},"modified":"2021-07-23T10:23:44","modified_gmt":"2021-07-23T04:53:44","slug":"stack-in-c-cpp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/stack-in-c-cpp\/","title":{"rendered":"Stack in C\/C++ – Master the LIFO Concepts in Less Than 4 Mins."},"content":{"rendered":"

After getting well-versed with linked lists and arrays in C\/C++<\/a><\/em><\/strong>, you are now ready to explore a new concept, that is stack in C\/C++. Both stacks and queues are data structures that can be implemented using either arrays or linked lists.<\/p>\n

Newbies to programming often find it cumbersome to implement stacks as it requires a thorough knowledge of all the concepts of\u00a0in C and C++ that we have covered so far.\u00a0So, we will understand each and every important concept involved in a stack in C\/C++ in detail so that you would develop a clear understanding of the topic.<\/p>\n

If we want to learn this concept then we have to go deep inside it. That’s why we are going to discuss its key topics, which will be helping us to grasp the concept in an efficient way. So let’s start.<\/p>\n

1. Stack in C\/C++<\/h2>\n

A stack is nothing but a linear data structure that follows the LIFO<\/strong> rule (Last In First Out). In a stack, both insertion and deletion take place from just one end, that is, from the top.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"Stack<\/a><\/p>\n

In order to better understand it, consider the following scenario: Imagine you have 5 plates that you have to keep on top of each other of distinct colors: Red, Green, Blue, White, and Orange.<\/p>\n

You start by placing the red plate on the table. This is the first element of the stack. Then, you place the green plate on top of the red plate. This is the second element of the stack. Similarly, you place the blue plate followed by white and then finally orange.\u00a0Note that the first plate you inserted into the stack was the red one. Now, you want to remove the red plate. But, before that, you need to remove the rest of the plates that are on top of the red one.<\/p>\n

Variables in C and C++<\/a><\/strong> A Complete Guide for Beginners<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

From this discussion, it is pretty obvious that the first plate (first data element) to be inserted is removed at the last. And, the last plate to be inserted is removed at first, that is, it follows the \u201cLast In First Out\u201d rule. Also, we infer that placing and removing the plate is done from the top, that is, insertion and deletion are done from the top<\/p>\n

\"Insertion<\/a><\/h4>\n

We can implement a stack in C and C++ in 2 ways:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Statically:<\/strong> Array implementation of stacks allows the static memory allocation of its data elements. It is important to note that in this method, the stack acquires all the features of an array.<\/li>\n
  2. Dynamically:<\/strong> Linked list implementation of stacks follow the dynamic memory allocation of its data elements. It is important to note that in this method, the stack inherits all the characteristics of a linked list in C\/C++<\/em><\/a>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    2. Array Implementation of Stack in C and C++<\/h2>\n

    As we already discussed, arrays support the static memory allocation of the data elements of the stack<\/em>. Therefore, it is important to determine the size of the stack prior to the program run.<\/p>\n

    The stack functions basically include:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    2.1 Insertion<\/h4>\n

    In a stack, the operation of inserting an element into the stack is referred to as pushing an element in the stack. The elements are inserted into the stack from the top and hence would compel the elements to shift.<\/p>\n

    Enhance your Fundamental Skills with Different types of Operators in C\/C++<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    Here is a diagrammatic representation of how elements are pushed into a stack:<\/p>\n

    \"Insertion<\/a><\/p>\n

    Insert elements into a stack in C<\/h5>\n
    #define LIMIT 100\r\nvoid push()\r\n{\r\nint stack[LIMIT], top, element;\r\nif(top == LIMIT- 1)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Stack Overflow\\n\");\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Enter the element to be inserted:\");\r\nscanf(\"%d\", &element);\r\ntop++;\r\nstack[top]=element;\r\n}\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    Insert elements into a stack in C++<\/h5>\n
    #define LIMIT 100\r\nvoid push()\r\n{\r\nint stack[LIMIT], top, element;\r\nif(top == LIMIT- 1)\r\n{\r\ncout<<\"Stack overflow\"<<endl;\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\ncout<<\"Enter the element to be inserted:\"<<endl;\r\ncin>>element;\r\ntop++;\r\nstack[top]=element;\r\n}\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    2.2 Deletion<\/h4>\n
    In a stack, the operation of deleting an element into the stack is referred to as popping an element in the stack. The deletion of a data element from the stack is done from the top.<\/p>\n
    Here is a diagrammatic representation of how elements are pushed into a stack:<\/p>\n
    \"Deletion<\/a><\/p>\n
    Delete an element from a stack in C<\/h5>\n
    #define LIMIT 100\r\nvoid pop()\r\n{\r\nint stack[LIMIT], top, element;\r\nif(top == -1)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Stack underflow\\n\");\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\nelement=stack[top];\r\nprintf(\"The deleted item is %d\\n\",stack[top]);\r\ntop--; \/\/ The element below the topmost element is deleted\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
    Delete an element from a stack in C++<\/h5>\n
    #define LIMIT 100\r\nvoid pop()\r\n{\r\nint stack[LIMIT], top, element;\r\nif(top == -1)\r\n{\r\ncout<<\"Stack underflow\u201d<<endl;\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\nelement=stack[top];\r\ncout<<\"The deleted item is: \"<< stack[top];\r\ntop--; \/\/ The element below the topmost element is deleted\r\n}\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    2.3 Display<\/h4>\n
    The stack data elements are displayed in the stack according to the LIFO rule.<\/p>\n
    Display a stack in C<\/h5>\n
    #define LIMIT 100\r\nvoid display()\r\n{\r\nint stack[LIMIT], top, i;\r\nif(top == -1)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Stack underflow\\n\"); \/\/ Stack is empty\r\n}\r\nelse if(top > 0)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"The elements of the stack are:\\n\");\r\nfor(i = top; i >= 0; i--) \/\/ top to bottom traversal\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"%d\\n\",stack[i]);\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    Display a stack in C++<\/h5>\n
    #define LIMIT 100\t\r\nvoid display()\r\n{\r\nint stack[LIMIT], top, i;\r\nif(top == -1)\r\n{\r\ncout<<\"Stack underflow\u201d<<endl;; \/\/ Stack is empty\r\n}\r\nelse if(top > 0)\r\n{\r\ncout<<\"The elements of the stack are:\u201d<<endl;\r\nfor(i = top; i >= 0; i--) \/\/ top to bottom traversal\r\n{\r\ncout<<stack[i];\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    Apart from these 3 main functions, it is necessary to check the overflow and underflow conditions to avoid unfavorable situations.<\/p>\n
    2.4 Stack Overflow<\/h4>\n
    Here we are talking about the static memory allocation of data elements of a stack. Therefore, if the stack is filled completely, that is, no more elements can be inserted in the stack, then the condition would be called STACK-FULL condition. It is also referred to as stack overflow.<\/p>\n
    2.5 Stack Underflow<\/h4>\n
    In case we wish to display the data elements of the stack or perform the deletion operation, but no elements have been inserted into the stack yet, this condition is called STACK-EMPTY. It is also referred to as stack underflow.<\/p>\n
    Before discussing the example, let’s revise the concept of Variables in C<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n
    Example of Array Implementation of Stack in C<\/h3>\n
    Here is a program in C that illustrates the array implementation of stacks:<\/p>\n
    #include <stdio.h>\r\n#include <stdlib.h>\r\n#define LIMIT 100 \/\/ Specifying the maximum limit of the stack\r\n\r\n\/* Global declaration of variables *\/\r\n\r\nint stack[LIMIT]; \/\/ Array implementation of stack\r\nint top; \/\/ To insert and delete the data elements in the stack\r\nint i; \/\/ To traverse the loop to while displaying the stack\r\nint choice; \/\/ To choose either of the 3 stack operations\r\n\r\nvoid push(); \/\/ Function used to insert the element into the stack\r\nvoid pop(); \/\/ Function used to delete the element from the stack\r\nvoid display(); \/\/ Function used to display all the elements in the stack according to LIFO rule\r\n\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n\r\nprintf(\"Welcome to DataFlair tutorials!\\n\\n\");\r\n\r\nprintf (\"ARRAY IMPLEMENTATION USING STACKS\\n\\n\");\r\ntop = -1; \/\/ Initializing top to -1 indicates that it is empty\r\ndo\r\n{\r\n\r\nprintf(\"1. Insert\\n2. Delete\\n3. Display\\n4. Exit\\n\\n\");\r\nprintf(\"Enter your choice:\");\r\nscanf(\"%d\",&choice);\r\n\r\nswitch(choice)\r\n{\r\ncase 1:\r\npush();\r\nbreak;\r\ncase 2:\r\npop();\r\nbreak;\r\ncase 3:\r\ndisplay();\r\nbreak;\r\ncase 4:\r\nexit(0);\r\nbreak;\r\ndefault:\r\nprintf(\"Sorry, invalid choice!\\n\");\r\nbreak;\r\n}\r\n} while(choice!=4);\r\nreturn 0;\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid push()\r\n{\r\nint element;\r\nif(top == LIMIT- 1)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Stack underflow\\n\");\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Enter the element to be inserted:\");\r\nscanf(\"%d\", &element);\r\ntop++;\r\nstack[top]=element;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid pop()\r\n{\r\nint element;\r\nif(top == -1)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Stack underflow\\n\");\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\nelement=stack[top];\r\nprintf(\"The deleted item is %d\\n\",stack[top]);\r\ntop--; \/\/ The element below the topmost element is deleted\r\n}\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid display()\r\n{\r\nif(top == -1)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Stack underflow\\n\"); \/\/ Stack is empty\r\n}\r\nelse if(top > 0)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"The elements of the stack are:\\n\");\r\nfor(i = top; i >= 0; i--) \/\/ top to bottom traversal\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"%d\\n\",stack[i]);\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    Output-<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \"Output<\/a><\/p>\n
    \"Implementation<\/a><\/h3>\n
    Example of Array Implementation of Stack in C++<\/h3>\n
    #include <iostream>\r\n#include <stdlib.h> \r\n#define LIMIT 100 \/\/ Specifying the maximum limit of the stack\r\nusing namespace std;\r\n \r\n\/* Global declaration of variables *\/\r\n\r\nint stack[LIMIT]; \/\/ Array implementation of stack\r\nint top; \/\/ To insert and delete the data elements in the stack\r\nint i; \/\/ To traverse the loop to while displaying the stack\r\nint choice; \/\/ To choose either of the 3 stack operations\r\n\r\nvoid push(); \/\/ Function used to insert the element into the stack\r\nvoid pop(); \/\/ Function used to delete the element from the stack\r\nvoid display(); \/\/ Function used to display all the elements in the stack according to LIFO rule\r\n \r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n\r\ncout<<\"Welcome to DataFlair tutorials!\"<<endl<<endl;\r\n\r\ncout<< \"ARRAY IMPLEMENTATION USING STACKS\"<<endl<<endl;\r\ntop = -1; \/\/ Initializing top to -1 indicates that it is empty\r\ndo\r\n{\r\n\r\ncout<<\"1. Insert\\n2. Delete\\n3. Display\\n4. Exit\\n\\n\";\r\ncout<<\"Enter your choice:\";\r\ncin>>choice;\r\n \r\nswitch(choice)\r\n{\r\ncase 1:\r\npush();\r\nbreak;\r\ncase 2:\r\npop();\r\nbreak;\r\ncase 3:\r\ndisplay();\r\nbreak;\r\ncase 4:\r\nexit(0);\r\nbreak;\r\ndefault:\r\nprintf(\"Sorry, invalid choice!\\n\");\r\nbreak;\r\n}\r\n} while(choice!=4);\r\nreturn 0; \r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid push()\r\n{\r\nint element;\r\nif(top == LIMIT- 1)\r\n{\r\ncout<<\"Stack underflow\\n\";\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\ncout<<\"Enter the element to be inserted:\";\r\ncin>>element;\r\ntop++;\r\nstack[top]=element;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid pop()\r\n{\r\nint element;\r\nif(top == -1)\r\n{\r\ncout<<\"Stack underflow\\n\";\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\nelement=stack[top];\r\ncout<<\"The deleted item is \"<< stack[top] <<endl;\r\ntop--; \/\/ The element below the topmost element is deleted\r\n}\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid display()\r\n{\r\nif(top == -1)\r\n{\r\ncout<<\"Stack underflow\\n\"; \/\/ Stack is empty\r\n}\r\nelse if(top > 0)\r\n{\r\ncout<<\"The elements of the stack are:\\n\";\r\nfor(i = top; i >= 0; i--) \/\/ top to bottom traversal\r\n{\r\ncout<< stack[i] <<endl;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    Output-<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \"Output<\/a><\/p>\n
    \"Array<\/a><\/p>\n
    3. Linked List Implementation of Stack in C\/C++<\/h2>\n
    As we already discussed, linked lists support the dynamic memory allocation<\/a><\/strong><\/em> of the data elements of the stack. Therefore, the size of the stack is allocated during the program run and needn\u2019t be specified beforehand.<\/p>\n
    The 3 basic operations of Insertion, Deletion, and Display follow a similar trend as we saw in the array implementation of stacks.<\/p>\n
    Functions in C<\/a> – An Important Concept for beginners<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n
    The stack functions basically include:<\/p>\n
    3.1 Insertion<\/h4>\n
    Insert an element into the stack in C<\/h5>\n
    void push ()\r\n{\r\nint data;\r\nstruct node *pointer = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node));\r\nif(pointer == NULL)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Stack overflow\");\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Enter the element to be inserted: \");\r\nscanf(\"%d\",&data);\r\nif(temp == NULL)\r\n{\r\npointer -> data = data;\r\npointer -> next = NULL;\r\ntemp = pointer;\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\npointer -> data = data;\r\npointer -> next = temp;\r\ntemp = pointer;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
    Insert an element into the stack in C++<\/h5>\n
    Here we have used classes to implement linked lists in C++<\/p>\n
    \/\/ Structure definition\r\nstruct node\r\n{\r\nint data;\r\nnode *next;\r\n};\r\n\/\/ Class definition\r\nclass Stack\r\n{\r\nnode *top;\r\npublic :\r\nStack()\r\n{\r\ntop = NULL;\r\n}\r\nvoid push();\r\n};\r\n\/\/ Member function definition\r\nvoid Stack::push()\r\n{\r\nnode *temp;\r\ntemp = new node;\r\ncout<<\"Enter the element to be inserted: \";\r\ncin>> temp -> data;\r\ntemp -> next = top;\r\ntop = temp;\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    3.2 Deletion<\/h3>\n
    Delete an element into the stack in C<\/h5>\n
    This is how we can delete elements from a stack in C:<\/p>\n
    void pop()\r\n{\r\nint item;\r\nstruct node *pointer;\r\nif (temp == NULL)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Stack Underflow\\n\");\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\nitem = temp -> data;\r\npointer = temp;\r\ntemp = temp -> next;\r\nfree(pointer);\r\nprintf(\"The deleted item is %d\\n\",item);\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
    Delete an element into the stack in C++<\/h5>\n
    \/\/ Structure definition\r\nstruct node\r\n{\r\nint data;\r\nnode *next;\r\n};\r\n\/\/ Class definition\r\nclass Stack\r\n{\r\nnode *top;\r\npublic :\r\nStack()\r\n{\r\ntop = NULL;\r\n}\r\nvoid pop();\r\n};\r\n\/\/ Member function definition\r\nvoid Stack::pop()\r\n{\r\nif(top != NULL)\r\n{\r\nnode *temp = top;\r\ntop = top -> next;\r\ncout<< \u201cThe deleted element is: \u201d << temp -> data <<endl;\r\ndelete temp;\r\n}\r\nelse\r\ncout<<\"Stack underflow\"<<endl;\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    3.3 Display<\/h3>\n
    Display a Stack in C<\/h5>\n
    This is how we display the elements of a stack:<\/p>\n
    void display()\r\n{\r\nint i;\r\nstruct node *pointer;\r\npointer = temp;\r\nif(pointer == NULL)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Stack underflow\\n\");\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"The elements of the stack are:\\n\");\r\nwhile(pointer!= NULL)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"%d\\n\",pointer -> data);\r\npointer = pointer -> next;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
    Display a Stack in C<\/h5>\n
    \/\/ Structure definition\r\nstruct node\r\n{\r\nint data;\r\nnode *next;\r\n};\r\n\/\/ Class definition\r\nclass Stack\r\n{\r\nnode *top;\r\npublic :\r\nStack()\r\n{\r\ntop = NULL;\r\n}\r\nvoid display();\r\n};\r\n\/\/ Member function definition\r\nvoid Stack::display()\r\n{\r\nnode *temp = top;\r\nwhile(temp != NULL)\r\n{\r\ncout<< temp -> data <<\"  \";\r\ntemp = temp -> next;\r\n}\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    Example of Linked List Implementation of Stack in C<\/h3>\n
    Here is a code in C that illustrates the linked list implementation of arrays:<\/p>\n
    #include <stdio.h>\r\n#include <stdlib.h>\r\n\r\nvoid push(); \/\/ Function used to insert the element into the stack\r\nvoid pop(); \/\/ Function used to delete the elememt from the stack\r\nvoid display(); \/\/ Function used to display all the elements in the stack according to LIFO rule\r\n\r\nstruct node\r\n{\r\nint data;\r\nstruct node *next;\r\n};\r\nstruct node *temp;\r\n\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n\r\nprintf(\"Welcome to DataFlair tutorials!\\n\\n\");\r\n\r\nint choice;\r\nprintf (\"LINKED LIST IMPLEMENTATION USING STACKS\\n\\n\");\r\ndo\r\n{\r\n\r\nprintf(\"1. Insert\\n2. Delete\\n3. Display\\n4. Exit\\n\\n\");\r\nprintf(\"Enter your choice:\");\r\nscanf(\"%d\",&choice);\r\n\r\nswitch(choice)\r\n{\r\ncase 1:\r\npush();\r\nbreak;\r\ncase 2:\r\npop();\r\nbreak;\r\ncase 3:\r\ndisplay();\r\nbreak;\r\ncase 4:\r\nexit(0);\r\nbreak;\r\ndefault:\r\nprintf(\"Sorry, invalid choice!\\n\");\r\nbreak;\r\n}\r\n} while(choice!=4);\r\nreturn 0;\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid push ()\r\n{\r\nint data;\r\nstruct node *pointer = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node));\r\nif(pointer == NULL)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Stack overflow\");\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Enter the element to be inserted: \");\r\nscanf(\"%d\",&data);\r\nif(temp == NULL)\r\n{\r\npointer -> data = data;\r\npointer -> next = NULL;\r\ntemp = pointer;\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\npointer -> data = data;\r\npointer -> next = temp;\r\ntemp = pointer;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid pop()\r\n{\r\nint item;\r\nstruct node *pointer;\r\nif (temp == NULL)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Stack Underflow\\n\");\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\nitem = temp -> data;\r\npointer = temp;\r\ntemp = temp -> next;\r\nfree(pointer);\r\nprintf(\"The deleted item is %d\\n\",item);\r\n}\r\n}\r\nvoid display()\r\n{\r\nint i;\r\nstruct node *pointer;\r\npointer = temp;\r\nif(pointer == NULL)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"Stack underflow\\n\");\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"The elements of the stack are:\\n\");\r\nwhile(pointer!= NULL)\r\n{\r\nprintf(\"%d\\n\",pointer -> data);\r\npointer = pointer -> next;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    Output-<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \"Output<\/a><\/p>\n
    \"Linked<\/a><\/h3>\n
    Example of Linked List Implementation of Stack in C++<\/h3>\n
    #include<iostream>\r\nusing namespace std;\r\n\r\nstruct node\r\n{\r\nint data;\r\nnode *next;\r\n};\r\n\r\nclass Stack\r\n{\r\nnode *top;\r\npublic :\r\nStack()\r\n{\r\ntop = NULL;\r\n}\r\nvoid push(); \/\/ Function used to insert the element into the stack\r\nvoid pop(); \/\/ Function used to delete an element from the stack\r\nvoid display(); \/\/ Function used to display all the elements in the stack according to LIFO rule\r\n};\r\n\r\nvoid Stack::push()\r\n{\r\nnode *temp;\r\ntemp = new node;\r\ncout<<\"Enter the element to be inserted: \";\r\ncin>>temp -> data;\r\ntemp -> next = top;\r\ntop = temp;\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid Stack::pop()\r\n{\r\nif(top != NULL)\r\n{\r\nnode *temp = top;\r\ntop = top -> next;\r\ncout<< \"The deleted element is: \" << temp -> data <<endl;\r\ndelete temp;\r\n}\r\nelse\r\ncout<<\"Stack underflow!\";\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid Stack::display()\r\n{\r\nnode *temp = top;\r\nwhile(temp != NULL)\r\n{\r\ncout<< temp -> data <<endl;\r\ntemp = temp -> next;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n\r\nint main()\r\n{\r\n\r\ncout<<\"Welcome to DataFlair tutorials!\"<<endl<<endl;\r\nStack s;\r\nint choice;\r\ncout<<\"IMPLEMENTATION OF STACKS USING LINKED LISTS\"<<endl<<endl;\r\ndo\r\n{\r\n\r\ncout<<\"1. Insert\\n2. Delete\\n3. Display\\n4. Exit\\n\\n\";\r\ncout<<\"Enter your choice: \";\r\ncin>>choice;\r\n\r\nswitch(choice)\r\n{\r\ncase 1:\r\ns.push();\r\nbreak;\r\ncase 2:\r\ns.pop();\r\nbreak;\r\ncase 3:\r\ns.display();\r\nbreak;\r\ncase 4:\r\nexit(0);\r\nbreak;\r\ndefault:\r\nprintf(\"Sorry, invalid choice!\\n\");\r\nbreak;\r\n}\r\n} while(choice!=4);\r\nreturn 0;\r\n}<\/pre>\n
    Output-<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \"Linked<\/a><\/p>\n
    \"Linked<\/a><\/h3>\n
    4. Application of Stack in C\/C++<\/h2>\n
    The principle LIFO<\/a> followed by stacks gives birth to the various applications of stacks. Some of the most popular applications of stacks in C\/C++ are:<\/p>\n