

{"id":5608,"date":"2018-01-03T09:40:17","date_gmt":"2018-01-03T09:40:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=5608"},"modified":"2026-04-24T17:07:24","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T11:37:24","slug":"python-vs-java","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/python-vs-java\/","title":{"rendered":"Python vs Java \u2013 Who Will Conquer?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Python Vs <strong>Java<\/strong> &#8211; The hottest battle of the era. Every beginner wants to know which programming language will have a bright future? According to statistics, Java is losing its charm and Python is rising. But no one will tell you which one is beneficial. In this blog, we will discuss the differences between Java and Python and let you decide which one is more useful.<\/p>\n<p>Your choice depends on your career goals, not on which language is trending. Python is the perfect tool if you&#8217;re looking to build complex apps or explore the future of tech like AI and data science. It&#8217;s all about choosing Python for the right tool or the right job.<\/p>\n<h3>Python Vs Java &#8211; A Battle for the Best<\/h3>\n<p>Let&#8217;s deep dive into the differences.<\/p>\n<h4>Hello World Example<\/h4>\n<p>To rigorously compare <strong>Python <\/strong>and Java, we first compare the first program in any programming language-\u00a0 to print \u201cHello World\u201d.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Java<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">public class HelloWorld\r\n{\r\n  public static void main(String[] args)\r\n   {\r\n    System.out.println(\"Hello World\");\r\n   }\r\n}<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>Python<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Now, let\u2019s try printing the same thing in Python.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">print(\u201cHello World\u201d)<\/pre>\n<p>As you can see, what we could do with 7 lines of code in Java, we can do with 1 line in Python.<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s further discuss parts of this program and other things.<\/p>\n<h4>Syntax<\/h4>\n<p>A striking characteristic of Python is simple <strong>python syntax<\/strong>. Let\u2019s see the syntax difference between Python and Java.<\/p>\n<h4>1. Semicolon<\/h4>\n<p>Python statements do not need a semicolon to end, thanks to its syntax.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">&gt;&gt;&gt; x=7\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; x=7;<\/pre>\n<p>But it is possible to append it. However, if you miss a semicolon in Java, it throws an error.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">class one\r\n{\r\n    public static void main (String[] args)\r\n        {\r\n            int x=7;\r\n            System.out.println(x)\r\n        }\r\n}<\/pre>\n<p>Compilation error\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 #stdin compilation error #stdout 0.09s 27828KB<\/p>\n<p>Main.java:10: error: &#8216;;&#8217; expected<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">System.out.println(x)\r\n         ^\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>1 error<\/p>\n<h4>2. Curly Braces and Indentation<\/h4>\n<p>The major factor of Python Vs Java is curly braces and indentation. In Java, you must define blocks using semicolons. Without that, your code won\u2019t work. But Python has never seen a sight of curly braces. So, to define blocks, it mandates indentation. Some lazy programmers don\u2019t go the extra mile to indent their code, but with Python, they have no other choice. This indentation also aids readability. But you must compliment the indentation with a colon ending the line before it.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">&gt;&gt;&gt; if 2&gt;1:\r\nprint(\"Greater\")<\/pre>\n<p>Greater<\/p>\n<p>This code would break if we added curly braces.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">&gt;&gt;&gt; if 2&gt;1:\r\n{<\/pre>\n<p>SyntaxError: expected an indented block<\/p>\n<p>Now, let\u2019s see if we can skip the curly braces and indentation in Java.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">class one\r\n{\r\n     public static void main (String[] args)\r\n      {\r\n            if(2&gt;1)\r\n            System.out.println(\"2\");\r\n      }\r\n}<\/pre>\n<p>Success\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 #stdin #stdout 0.07s 27792KB<\/p>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<p>Here, we could skip the braces because it\u2019s a single-line if-statement. Indentation isn\u2019t an issue here. This is because when we have only one statement, we don\u2019t need to define a block. And if we have a block, we define it using curly braces. Hence, whether we indent the code or not, it makes no difference. Let\u2019s try that with a block of code for the if-statement.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">class one\r\n{\r\n  public static void main (String[] args) \r\n  {\r\n    if(2&lt;1)\r\n    System.out.println(\"2\");\r\n    System.out.println(\"Lesser\");\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>Success\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 #stdin #stdout 0.09s 28020KB<\/p>\n<p>Lesser<\/p>\n<p>As you can see here, 2 isn\u2019t less than 1, so the if statement\u2019s body isn\u2019t executed. Since we don\u2019t have curly braces here, only the first print statement is considered to be its body. This is why here, only the second statement is executed; it isn\u2019t in the if\u2019s body.<\/p>\n<h4>3. Parentheses<\/h4>\n<p>Starting Python 3.x, a set of parentheses is a must only for the print statement. All other statements will run with or without it.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">&gt;&gt;&gt; print(\"Hello\")<\/pre>\n<p>Hello<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">&gt;&gt;&gt; print \"Hello\"<\/pre>\n<p>SyntaxError: Missing parentheses in call to &#8216;print&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>This isn\u2019t the same as Java, where you must use parentheses.<\/p>\n<h4>4. Comments<\/h4>\n<p>Comments are lines that are ignored by the interpreter. <strong>Java supports multiline comments<\/strong>, but Python does not. The following are comments in Java.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">\/\/This is a single-line comment\r\n            \/*This is a multiline comment\r\n            Yes it is*\/<\/pre>\n<p>Now, let\u2019s see what a comment looks like in Python.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">&gt;&gt;&gt; #This is a comment<\/pre>\n<p>Here, documentation comments can be used in the beginning of a function\u2019s body to explain what<\/p>\n<p>it does. These are declared using triple quotes (\u201c\u201d\u201d).<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">&gt;&gt;&gt; \"\"\"\r\n         This is a docstring\r\n\"\"\"\r\n'\\n\\tThis is a docstring\\n'<\/pre>\n<p>These were the syntax comparison in Python Vs Java, let&#8217;s discuss more.<\/p>\n<h4>Dynamically Typed<\/h4>\n<p>One of the major differences is that Python is dynamically-typed. This means that we don\u2019t need to declare the type of the variable, it is assumed at run-time. This is called Duck Typing. If it looks like a duck, it must be a duck, mustn\u2019t it?<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">&gt;&gt;&gt; age=22<\/pre>\n<p>You could reassign it to hold a string, and it wouldn\u2019t bother.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">&gt;&gt;&gt; age='testing'<\/pre>\n<p>In Java, however, you must declare the type of data, and you need to explicitly cast it to a different type when needed. A type like int can be casted into a float, though, because int has a shallower range.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">class one\r\n{\r\n  public static void main (String[] args) \r\n  {\r\n    int x=10;\r\n    float z;\r\n    z=(float)x;\r\n    System.out.println(z);\r\n  }\r\n}<\/pre>\n<p>Success\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 #stdin #stdout 0.09s 27788KB<\/p>\n<p>10.0<\/p>\n<p>However then, at runtime, the <strong>Python interpreter <\/strong>must find out the types of variables used. Thus, it must work harder at runtime.<\/p>\n<p>Java, as we see it, is statically-typed. Now if you declare an int an assign a string to it, it throws a type exception.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">class one\r\n{\r\n  public static void main (String[] args) \r\n  {\r\n    int x=10;\r\n    x=\"Hello\";\r\n  }\r\n}<\/pre>\n<p>Compilation error\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 #stdin compilation error #stdout 0.09s 27920KB<\/p>\n<p>Main.java:12: error: incompatible types: String cannot be converted to int<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">x=\"Hello\";\r\n   ^<\/pre>\n<p>1 error<\/p>\n<h4>Verbosity\/ Simplicity<\/h4>\n<p>Attributed to its simple syntax, a Python program is typically 3-5 times shorter than its counterpart in Java. As we have seen earlier, to print \u201cHello World\u201d to the screen, you need to write a lot of code in Java. We do the same thing in Python in just one statement. Hence, coding in Python raises programmers\u2019 productivity because they need to write only so much code needed. It is concise.<\/p>\n<p>To prove this, we\u2019ll try to swap two variables, without using a third, in these two languages. Let\u2019s begin with Java.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">class one\r\n{\r\n  public static void main (String[] args) \r\n  {\r\n    int x=10,y=20;\r\n    x=x+y;\r\n    y=x-y;\r\n    x=x-y;\r\n    System.out.println(x+\" \"+y);\r\n  }\r\n}<\/pre>\n<p>Success\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 #stdin #stdout 0.1s 27660KB<\/p>\n<p>20 10<\/p>\n<p>Now, let\u2019s do the same in Python.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">&gt;&gt;&gt; a,b=2,3\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; a,b=b,a\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; a,b<\/pre>\n<p>(3, 2)<\/p>\n<p>As you can see here, we only needed one statement for swapping variables a and b. The statement before it is for assigning their values and the one after is for printing them out to verify that swapping has been performed. This is a major factor of Python vs Java.<\/p>\n<h4>Speed<\/h4>\n<p>When it comes to speed, Java is the winner. Since Python is interpreted, we expect them to run slower than their counterparts in Java. They are also slower because the types are assumed at run time. This is extra work for the interpreter at runtime. The interpreter follows REPL (Read Evaluate Print Loop). Also, the IDLE has built-in syntax highlighting, and to get the previous and next commands, we press Alt+p and Alt+n respectively.<\/p>\n<p>However, they also are quicker to develop, thanks to Python\u2019s brevity. Therefore, in situations where speed is not an issue, you may go with Python, for the benefits it offers more than nullify its speed limitations. However, in projects where speed is the main component, you should go for Java. An example of such a project is where you may need to retrieve data from a database. So if you ask Python Vs Java as far as speed is concerned, Java wins.<u><\/u><\/p>\n<h4>Portability<\/h4>\n<p>Both Python and Java are portable programming languages, although they do so in distinct ways. Python programmes may run on different systems without recompiling due to the interpretative nature of the language and the availability of interpreters for many platforms. T<\/p>\n<p>he Java Virtual Machine (JVM), on the other hand, enables Java to achieve portability by converting code into platform-independent bytecode that runs on any machine with a compatible JVM. The decision between Python and Java relies on project needs, performance concerns, and the target platforms for deployment. Python offers simplicity and ease of use, but Java offers comprehensive cross-platform compatibility.<\/p>\n<h4>Database Access<\/h4>\n<p>Like we\u2019ve always said, Python\u2019s database access layers are weaker than Java\u2019s JDBC (Java DataBase Connectivity). This is why it isn\u2019t used in enterprises rarely use it in critical database applications.<\/p>\n<h4>Interpreted<\/h4>\n<p>With tools like IDLE, you can also interpret Python instead of compiling it. While this reduces the program length and boosts productivity, it also results in slower overall execution.<\/p>\n<h4>Easy to Use<\/h4>\n<p>Now because of its simplicity and shorter code, and because it is dynamically-typed, Python is easy to pick up. If you\u2019re just stepping into the world of programming, beginning with Python is a good choice. Not only is it easy to code, but it is also easy to understand. Readability is another advantage. However, this isn\u2019t the same as Java. Because it is so verbose, it takes some time to really get used to it.<\/p>\n<h4>Popularity and Community<\/h4>\n<p>If we consider the popularity and community factor for Python vs Java, we see that for the past few decades, Java has been the 2nd most popular language (TIOBE Index). It has been here since 1995 and has been the \u2018<strong>Language of the Year<\/strong>\u2019 in the years 2005 and 2015. It works on a multitude of devices- even refrigerators and toasters.<\/p>\n<p>Python, in the last few years, has been in the top 3, and was titled \u2018<strong>Language of the Year<\/strong>\u2019 in years 2007, 2010, and 2018. Python has been here since 1991. Can we just say it is the easiest to learn? It is a great fit as an introductory programming language in schools. Python is equally versatile with applications ranging from data science and machine learning to web development and developing for Raspberry Pi.<\/p>\n<p>While Java has one large corporate sponsor- <strong>Oracle<\/strong>, Python is open-source (CPython) and observes distributed support.<\/p>\n<h4>Use Cases<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Python: Data Science<\/strong>, Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, and Robotics, Websites, Games, Computer Vision (Facilities like face-detection and color-detection), Web Scraping (Harvesting data from websites), Data Analysis, Automating web browsers, Scripting, Scientific Computing<\/p>\n<p><strong>Java<\/strong>: Application servers, Web applications, Unit tests, Mobile applications, Desktop applications, Enterprise applications, Scientific applications, Web and Application Servers, Web Services, Cloud-based applications, IoT, Big Data Analysis, Games<\/p>\n<h4>Best for<\/h4>\n<p>While Python is best for Data Science, AI, and <strong>Machine Learning<\/strong>, Java does best with embedded and cross-platform applications.<\/p>\n<h4>Frameworks<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Python<\/strong>: Django, web2py, Flask, Bottle, Pyramid, Pylons, Tornado, TurboGears, CherryPy, Twisted<\/p>\n<p><strong>Java<\/strong>: Spring, Hibernate, Struts, JSF (Java Server Faces), GWT (Google Web Toolkit), Play!, Vaadin, Grails, Wicket, Vert.x<\/p>\n<h4>Preferability for Machine Learning and Data Science<\/h4>\n<p>Python is easier to learn and has simpler syntax than Java. It is better for number crunching, whereas Java is better for general programming. Both have powerful ML libraries- Python has PyTorch, <strong>TensorFlow<\/strong>, scikit-learn, matplotlib, and Seaborn, and Java has Weka, JavaML, MLlib, and Deeplearning4j<\/p>\n<h3>Similarities of Python and Java<\/h3>\n<p>Besides differences, there are some similarities between Python and Java:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In both languages, almost everything is an object<\/li>\n<li>Both offer cross-platform support<\/li>\n<li>Strings are immutable in both- Python and Java<\/li>\n<li>Both ship with large, powerful standard libraries<\/li>\n<li>Both are compiled to bytecode that runs on virtual machines<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This was all about the difference between Python vs Java Tutorial.<\/p>\n<h3>Summary<\/h3>\n<p>\u201cPython vs Java\u201d tops programming keyword charts every month. Java is compiled to bytecode, so its steady runtime speed still rules heavy enterprise apps. Python\u2019s interpreter steps through code line by line, which slows loops with heavy math. Yet many shops now wrap C extensions around Python to bridge this gap, making Python fast enough for 90 % of tasks.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Python Vs Java &#8211; The hottest battle of the era. Every beginner wants to know which programming language will have a bright future? According to statistics, Java is losing its charm and Python is&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":54737,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[2752,7742,10922],"class_list":["post-5608","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-comparison-between-python-and-java","tag-java-vs-python","tag-python-vs-java"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Python vs Java \u2013 Who Will Conquer? - DataFlair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Python vs java-Key differences between java and python to learn which out of java vs python you should learn in Future for your career boost.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/python-vs-java\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Python vs Java \u2013 Who Will Conquer? 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