![\"Python](\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/12\/Conversion-Functions-01.jpg\")
<\/a>Python Number Types – Python Conversion Functions<\/p><\/div>\n
1. int() in Python<\/h4>\n
Python int() function can convert another numeric type into an int.<\/p>\n
It can also convert other types into an int, but in this tutorial, we focus on numeric types.<\/p>\n
>>> int(7)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n7<\/div>\n
>>> int(7.7)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n7<\/div>\n
As you can see, it does not round the number 7.7 up to 8; it truncates the 0.7.<\/p>\n
However, you cannot convert a complex number into an int.<\/p>\n
>>> int(2+3j)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#22>”, line 1, in <module><\/p>\n
int(2+3j)<\/p>\n
TypeError: can’t convert complex to int<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
>>> int(3j)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#23>”, line 1, in <module><\/p>\n
int(3j)<\/p>\n
TypeError: can’t convert complex to int<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
We can also apply this function on representations other than decimal, i.e., binary, octal, and hexadecimal.<\/p>\n
>>> int(0b10)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n2<\/div>\n
>>> int(0xF)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n15<\/div>\n
2. float() in Python<\/h4>\n
The float() function in Python converts another numeric type into a float.<\/p>\n
>>> float(110)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n110.0<\/div>\n
>>> float(110.0)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n110.0<\/div>\n
Like int(), float() can\u2019t convert a complex either.<\/p>\n
>>> float(3j)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#26>”, line 1, in <module><\/p>\n
float(3j)<\/p>\n
TypeError: can’t convert complex to float<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
>>> float(0o10)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n8.0<\/div>\n
Here, we applied it to an octal number.<\/p>\n
3. complex() in Python<\/h4>\n
The complex() function in Python converts another numeric type into a complex number.<\/p>\n
>>> complex(2)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n(2+0j)<\/div>\n
>>> complex(2.3)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n(2.3+0j)<\/div>\n
>>> complex(2+3.0j)\r\n\r\n<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n(2+3j)<\/div>\n
4. bin() in Python<\/h4>\n
The bin() function in Python returns the binary value of a number.<\/p>\n
>>> bin(2)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n‘0b10’<\/div>\n
However, you can\u2019t apply it to a float value or a complex value. The same is true for oct() and hex() functions too.<\/p>\n
>>> bin(2.3)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#49>”, line 1, in <module><\/p>\n
bin(2.3)<\/p>\n
TypeError: ‘float’ object cannot be interpreted as an integer<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
>>> bin(2+3j)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#50>”, line 1, in <module><\/p>\n
bin(2+3j)<\/p>\n
TypeError: ‘complex’ object cannot be interpreted as an integer<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
5. oct() in Python<\/h4>\n
The oct() function in Python returns the octal value of a number.<\/p>\n
>>> oct(8)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n‘0o10’<\/div>\n
We know that 8.0 is the same as 8, but the function doesn\u2019t think the same. It is a float, so it cannot convert it into an oct.<\/p>\n
>>> oct(8.0)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
Traceback (most recent call last):File “<pyshell#59>”, line 1, in <module><\/p>\n
oct(8.0)<\/p>\n
TypeError: ‘float’ object cannot be interpreted as an integer<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
6. hex() in Python<\/h4>\n
The hex() function in Python returns the hexadecimal value of a number.<\/p>\n
>>> hex(255)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n‘0xff’<\/div>\n
>>> hex(0)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n‘0x0’<\/div>\n
>>> hex(0)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n‘0x0’<\/div>\n
Python Decimal Module<\/h4>\n
Let\u2019s try adding 1.1 and 2.2 in the shell, and let\u2019s compare it with 3.3.<\/p>\n
>>> (1.1+2.2)==3.3<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\nFalse<\/div>\n
Why did it return False? Let\u2019s try printing the sum.<\/p>\n
>>> 1.1+2.2<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n3.3000000000000003<\/div>\n
Woah, how did this happen? Well, this is duly attributed to hardware limitations and is not a flaw of Python.<\/p>\n
Because the hardware stores decimals as binary fractions, it isn\u2019t possible to store it very accurately.<\/p>\n
Let\u2019s take an example.<\/p>\n
>>> 1\/3<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n0.3333333333333333<\/div>\n
When we divide 1 by 3, it doesn\u2019t return the full value, which is 0.3333333333333333\u2026 Python does provide a solution to this problem.<\/p>\n
It has the \u2018decimal\u2019 module, which lets us choose precision. We will learn about modules in a later lesson.<\/p>\n
>>> import decimal\r\n>>> print(decimal.Decimal(0.1))<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625<\/div>\n
Did you see what happened here? The Decimal() function preserved the significance.<\/p>\n
This was the Decimal Function Python number type.<\/p>\n
Fractions Module in Python<\/h4>\n
Another module that Python provides, the fractions module lets you deal with fractions.<\/p>\n
The Fraction() function in Python returns the value in the form of a numerator and denominator.<\/p>\n
>>> from fractions import Fraction\r\n>>> print(Fraction(1.5))<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n3\/2<\/div>\n
It can also take two arguments.<\/p>\n
>>> print(Fraction(1,3))<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n1\/3<\/div>\n
Math Module in Python<\/h4>\n
Another essential module in Python is the math module.<\/p>\n
It has all important mathematical functions like exp, trigonometric functions, logarithmic functions, factorial, and more.<\/p>\n
>>> import math\r\n>>> math.factorial(5)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n120<\/div>\n
>>> math.exp(3)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n20.085536923187668<\/div>\n
>>> math.tan(90)<\/pre>\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n-1.995200412208242<\/div>\n
This was all about the Python number types tutorial.<\/p>\n
Conclusion<\/h3>\n
In this lesson, we learned about Python numeric data types.<\/p>\n
We looked at int, float, and complex numbers. We also looked at how to write numbers in binary, octal, and hexadecimal representations.<\/p>\n
Then we looked at how to convert one numeric type into another in Python.<\/p>\n
We also looked at some important modules- decimal, fractions, and math. Hope you like the Python Number Type Tutorial.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Let us dig into Python numeric data types. As we have seen, a Python number can be- Python int, a Python float, or even a Python complex number. Long is no longer supported by...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":35642,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[9160,36634,10723,10725,23689,23688,15081],"class_list":["post-5404","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-numbers-in-python","tag-python-conversion-functions","tag-python-number-type","tag-python-numbers","tag-python-numeric-data-types","tag-python-numeric-types","tag-types-of-numbers-in-python"],"yoast_head":"\n
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![\"Python](\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/12\/Python-Number-Types-01.jpg\")
<\/a>