{"id":52357,"date":"2019-03-26T12:39:47","date_gmt":"2019-03-26T07:09:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=52357"},"modified":"2021-08-25T13:56:00","modified_gmt":"2021-08-25T08:26:00","slug":"realm-vs-sqlite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/realm-vs-sqlite\/","title":{"rendered":"Realm vs SQLite: What Database is More Appropriate for Android Apps"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the process of Android app development, programmers should choose a database to store the data this app uses. An inappropriate database may lead to data loss or some other problems with app performance, that is why developers should make a proper decision. That&#8217;s why today we are discussing Realm vs SQLite, for selecting the most appropriate database.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are many databases, but we would like to compare two the most popular databases &#8211; SQLite and Realm &#8211; for Android apps and this guide will help you make your choice to use the database appropriate for your project. SQLite\u00a0vs realm &#8211; which one is stronger?<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_52797\" style=\"width: 1210px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/realm-vs-SQLite.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-52797\" class=\"size-full wp-image-52797\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/realm-vs-SQLite.jpg\" alt=\"Realm vs SQLite\" width=\"1200\" height=\"628\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/realm-vs-SQLite.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/realm-vs-SQLite-150x79.jpg 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/realm-vs-SQLite-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/realm-vs-SQLite-768x402.jpg 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/realm-vs-SQLite-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/03\/realm-vs-SQLite-520x272.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-52797\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Realm vs SQLite<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/android-tutorial\/\">Learn core aspects of Android Operating System<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>What is SQLite and Realm Databases?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">First, let\u2019s understand these two databases, what they are and how they work. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3>SQLite<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This database was created in far 2000. It is free and open source. The particularity of SQLite is that It doesn\u2019t use server-client architecture and it allows developers to store the app on a mobile device. That is why so many programmers use it when they need all information to be stored on a device without the necessity to use the server.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The database is created using C language and more than 30 programming languages can be used to work with this DB. For today, tens of thousands of apps design using an SQLite database.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Realm<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Realm is a NoSQL database that makes it possible for programmers to declare relationships between objects, as developers can do it in object graph of any programming language. Realm today is used for Android app development rather often.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The realm has its own core written in C++. This database is cross-platform so we can use it for both for <strong>iOS and Android<\/strong>. Realm allows objects to update synchronously. So object respond to any changes instantly and they stores easily. The realm is also open source since 2016 and it is free for developers. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/android-features\/\">Explore Top Features of Android<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Advantages and Drawbacks of SQLite and Realm<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now, let\u2019s define strong and weak sides of two databases to let you understand all particularities of SQLite and Realm. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3>SQLite advantages<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Single file. <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The whole database is stored only in one file, so its migration is simplified in many times.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li><strong>Standard<\/strong>. <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">SQLite uses SQL, so despite the fact that some SQL features are not implemented by SQLite (like RIGHT OUTER JOIN, FOR EACH STATEMENT etc.), many SQL features remain the same in SQLite. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>SQL language extensions. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are some enhancements to the SQL language that other database engines lack. New APIs can be defined by SQLite and developer can add new <a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/count-function-in-sql-server\/\"><strong>SQL functions<\/strong><\/a>. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Good for development and even testing. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Developers often need scalable solution during the development process. SQLite has rather a large functionality so developers can get features they need, and it even makes it possible to test an app. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>SQLite drawbacks<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Actually, SQLite will be a perfect choice for small and not too complicated projects. However, when developers create large Android apps with complex structure, they will face the following challenges:<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>i. Security<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As SQLite has a specific structure and other particularities, developers should consider some issues related to security before they will work with SQLite when creating Android apps. First, the SQLite database is in one file, and this file gets place in any directory. Thus, an advantage can turn into a drawback. Yes, it is very convenient, but in the result, there is a high risk that some malicious process can open this DB and make certain changes. So the level of security should be high, and developers should set permissions properly and don\u2019t let files deal with web root.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> One more problem with security concerns journaling. If developers want to have a rollback option, there is a temporary journal file by the database. When the transaction performs, all files gets delete. However, in some files remain unchanged. And it may lead to data corruption in SQLite databases due to its specific particularities. Turning off the journaling will not solve the problem. In this case, if there is an app crash, the database gets damages. To avoid such problems, we can encrypt data before its putting into SQLite.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/android-architecture\/\">Understand the 5 Components of Android Architecture<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h4>ii. Scalability and support<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Of course, the database grows exponentially when new data adds constantly. And developers need to write more complicated queries, but this is a big challenge for young programmers who are not skilled yet at structured query language. Data migration has the same problem.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>iii. Complexity<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When are senior developers easily deal with SQLite, it doesn\u2019t mean that newcomers will do it also as good as more experienced colleagues. The complex massive structure of SQLite is a big challenge for young specialists.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Realm Advantages<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><b>High speed. <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Realm is very fast during Android app development. <\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li><strong>Documentation<\/strong>. <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">All documents concerning Realm are written properly, and specialists can find an answer on the official website if they need.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Accessibility<\/strong>. <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Developers can copy objects in Realm that remain available outside of Realm.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>More features<\/strong>. <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Realm offers new useful features like JSON support, encryption, fluent API &#8211; it is not the full list. Also, Realm offers notifications of data change.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Realm Drawbacks<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">APK size becomes bigger and more RAM utilize. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>No Auto-increment. <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">You cannot auto-increment values in Realm.<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li>Restrictions on Model classes. <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Methods like hashcode and equals cannot be nullified in classes of Realm Model.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/installing-android-studio\/\">Check out the Steps to Install Android Studio<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Realm vs\u00a0SQLite in Coding<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It is time to compare realm vs SQL through their codes. We will show a few code samples written using SQLite and Realm. As we can see, Realm allows you to write less code. But first things first. <\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">private static final String SQL_CREATE_FAVOURITE =\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"CREATE TABLE \" + FavouritesDBContract.FavouritesEntry.TABLE_NAME + \" (\" +\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FavouritesDBContract.FavouritesEntry._ID + INTEGER_TYPE + \" PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,\" +\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FavouritesDBContract.FavouritesEntry.COLUMN_NAME_TITLE + TEXT_TYPE + COMMA_SEP +\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FavouritesDBContract.FavouritesEntry.COLUMN_NAME_IMAGE_URL + TEXT_TYPE +\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\" )\";\r\npublic void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0db.execSQL(SQL_CREATE_FAVOURITE);\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/pre>\n<p><strong>Source &#8211;<\/strong> <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cleveroad.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">cleveroad<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In Realm it will be enough to inherit RealmObject only<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">public class Favourites extends RealmObject{\r\n\u00a0\u00a0String title;\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0String imageLink;\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Nullable\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ImageResponse image;\r\npublic Favourites(String title, String imageLink, @Nullable ImageResponse image) {\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0this.title = title;\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0this.imageLink = imageLink;\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0this.image = image;\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n}<\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">One more example. You want to create a query to get a list of results. In SQLite you will need to write such code:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">@Override\r\npublic void getFavorites(int page, GetFavouritesCallBack callback) \r\n\u00a0List&lt;Favourites&gt; favourites = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\r\n\u00a0\u00a0try {\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Cursor cursor = mDb.query(\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FavouritesDBContract.FavouritesEntry.TABLE_NAME, \u00a0null, null, null, null, null, null);\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0if (cursor != null &amp;&amp; cursor.getCount() &gt; 0) {\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0while (cursor.moveToNext()) {\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0String title = cursor\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(FavouritesDBContract.FavouritesEntry.COLUMN_NAME_TITLE));\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0String imagePath =\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(FavouritesDBContract.FavouritesEntry.COLUMN_NAME_IMAGE_URL));\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Favourites favourite = new Favourites(title, imagePath, null);\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0favourites.add(favourite);\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0} catch (IllegalStateException e) {\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0callback.onDataNotAvailable();\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">But Realm code will be less complex for the same operation:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">public List&lt;Favourites&gt; getFavorites() {\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Realm realm = getRealm();\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0List&lt;Favourites&gt; favourites = realm.where(Favourites.class).findAll();\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0favourites = realm.copyFromRealm(favourites);\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0realm.close();\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0return favourites;\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Code to perform data migration is also very complicated in SQLite and this process is unavoidable, developers will need to perform it in any case. So, what a code should be like in SQLite during Android app development:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">public class FavouritesMigration implements RealmMigration {\r\n\u00a0\u00a0@Override\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void migrate(DynamicRealm realm, long oldVersion, long newVersion) {\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0RealmSchema schema = realm.getSchema();\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0if (oldVersion == 1) {\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0schema.get(\"Favourites\")\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0.removeField(\"image\");\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0oldVersion++;\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}\r\n}<\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Also, in config this code gets add:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">private static final RealmConfiguration mConfig = new RealmConfiguration.Builder()\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0.schemaVersion(FAVOURITES_SCHEMA_VERSION)\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0.migration(new FavouritesMigration())\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0.build();<\/pre>\n<p>So, this was all in Realm vs SQLite. Hope you liked our explanation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Must Learn:<\/strong>\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/android-application-components\/\">Major Android Application Components<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Summary &#8211; Realm vs SQLite<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Well, more code doesn\u2019t mean that SQLite is a bad database. As we listed above, it has some obvious benefits, so both Realm and SQLite are for different projects and various purposes. Each of them has its particular strength.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It is worth noting that it is up to developers to decide which database will be a perfect option for Android app development.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Still, if you have any query regarding Realm vs SQLite, ask freely through comments.<span hidden class=\"__iawmlf-post-loop-links\" data-iawmlf-links=\"[{&quot;id&quot;:1611,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.cleveroad.com&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20250902082244\\\/https:\\\/\\\/www.cleveroad.com\\\/&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-09 13:24:50&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-30 03:50:53&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-01-05 06:49:18&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-02-20 04:55:01&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-02 02:38:27&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-18 04:00:14&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-01 14:59:06&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-17 00:59:19&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-27 09:08:50&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-06 07:18:53&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-22 16:12:38&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-22 16:12:38&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;}]\"><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the process of Android app development, programmers should choose a database to store the data this app uses. An inappropriate database may lead to data loss or some other problems with app performance,&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":52797,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18722],"tags":[18711,19266,19265,19340,19264],"class_list":["post-52357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-android","tag-android","tag-database","tag-realm","tag-realm-vs-sqlite","tag-sqlite"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Realm vs SQLite: What Database is More Appropriate for Android Apps - DataFlair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Realm vs SQLite - Choose which database is appropriate for Android apps. 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