

{"id":3292,"date":"2017-07-13T11:41:58","date_gmt":"2017-07-13T06:11:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=3292"},"modified":"2025-07-27T11:55:59","modified_gmt":"2025-07-27T06:25:59","slug":"machine-learning-tutorial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/machine-learning-tutorial\/","title":{"rendered":"Machine Learning Tutorial &#8211; All the Essential Concepts in Single Tutorial"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This being a beginner&#8217;s tutorial of Machine Learning, I will try to make it as simple as it could be.<\/p>\n<p>Have you ever went for grocery shopping? What do you do before going to the market?<\/p>\n<p>I always prepare a list of ingredients beforehand. Also, I make the decision according to the previous purchasing experience. Then, I go and purchase the items. But, with the rising inflation, it&#8217;s not too easy to work in the budget. I have observed that my budget gets <strong>deviated<\/strong> a lot of times.<\/p>\n<p>This happens because the shopkeeper changes the quantity and price of a product very often. Due to such factors, I have to modify my shopping list. It takes a lot of <strong>effort<\/strong>, <strong>research<\/strong> and <strong>time<\/strong> to <strong>update<\/strong> the list for <strong>every change<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>This is where <strong>Machine Learning<\/strong> can come to your rescue. Still confused?<\/p>\n<p>Don&#8217;t worry! Read this DataFlair&#8217;s latest Machine learning tutorial to get <strong>deep insight<\/strong> and understand why machine learning is trending. So let&#8217;s start the Machine Learning tutorial.<\/p>\n<h3>What is Machine Learning?<\/h3>\n<p>Machine Learning is the most popular technique of <strong>predicting<\/strong> the <strong>future<\/strong> or <strong>classifying information<\/strong> to help people in making necessary decisions.<\/p>\n<p>Machine Learning algorithms are trained over instances or examples through which they learn from <strong>past experiences<\/strong> and also <strong>analyze<\/strong> the <strong>historical data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, as it trains over the examples, again and again, it is able to identify patterns in order to make predictions about the future.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/what-is-machine-learning.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-73189 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/what-is-machine-learning.jpg\" alt=\"machine learning tutorial\" width=\"802\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/what-is-machine-learning.jpg 802w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/what-is-machine-learning-150x79.jpg 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/what-is-machine-learning-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/what-is-machine-learning-768x402.jpg 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/what-is-machine-learning-520x272.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 802px) 100vw, 802px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Machine Learning Tutorial: Introduction to Machine Learning<\/h3>\n<p>After knowing what machine learning is, let&#8217;s take a quick introduction to machine learning and start the tutorial.<\/p>\n<p>With the help of Machine Learning, we can develop <strong>intelligent systems<\/strong> that are capable of taking <strong>decisions<\/strong> on an <strong>autonomous basis<\/strong>. These algorithms learn from the past instances of data through <strong>statistical analysis<\/strong> and <strong>pattern matching<\/strong>. Then, based on the learned data, it provides us with the <strong>predicted results<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Data<\/strong> is the core <strong>backbone<\/strong> of machine learning algorithms. With the help of the historical data, we are able to <strong>create more data<\/strong> by training these machine learning algorithms.<\/p>\n<p>For example, <strong>Generative Adversarial Networks<\/strong> are an advanced concept of Machine Learning that learns from the historical images through which they are capable of generating more images. This is also applied towards <strong>speech<\/strong> and <strong>text synthesis<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, Machine Learning has opened up a vast potential for <strong>data science applications<\/strong>. Machine Learning combines <strong>computer science<\/strong>, <strong>mathematics<\/strong>, and <strong>statistics<\/strong>. <strong>Statistics<\/strong> is essential for drawing <strong>inferences<\/strong> from the <strong>data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mathematics<\/strong> is useful for developing <strong>machine learning models<\/strong> and finally, <strong>computer science<\/strong> is used for <strong>implementing algorithms<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>However, simply building models is not enough. You must also <strong>optimize<\/strong> and <strong>tune<\/strong> the <strong>model<\/strong> appropriately so that it provides you with <strong>accurate results<\/strong>. Optimization techniques involve tuning the <strong>hyperparameters<\/strong> to reach an <strong>optimum result<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Machine Learning is used in <strong>every domain<\/strong>. It is being used to <strong>impart intelligence<\/strong> to <strong>static systems<\/strong>. With the knowledge acquired from the data, it is used to <strong>build intelligent products<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The use of machine learning is well-supported by innovations such as cloud computing that offer facilities for efficient processing of large amounts of data. This has made it possible for businesses of any size to adopt machine learning without digging deep into their pockets to acquire hardware.<\/p>\n<h3>Why Machine Learning?<\/h3>\n<p>The world today is evolving and so are the <strong>needs<\/strong> and <strong>requirements<\/strong> of people. Furthermore, we are witnessing a <strong>fourth industrial revolution<\/strong> of <strong>data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In order to derive <strong>meaningful insights<\/strong> from this data and <strong>learn<\/strong> from the way in which people and the <strong>system interface<\/strong> with the <strong>data<\/strong>, we need computational algorithms that can churn the data and provide us with results that would benefit us in various ways.<\/p>\n<p>Machine Learning has revolutionized industries like <strong>medicine<\/strong>, <strong>healthcare<\/strong>, <strong>manufacturing<\/strong>, <strong>banking<\/strong>, and several other industries. Therefore, Machine Learning has become an <strong>essential part<\/strong> of modern industry.<\/p>\n<p>Data is powerful and in order to harness the power of this data, added by the massive increase in computation power, Machine Learning has added another dimension to the way we perceive information.<\/p>\n<p>Machine Learning is being <strong>utilized<\/strong> everywhere.<\/p>\n<p>The electronic devices you use, the applications that are part of your everyday life are powered by <strong>powerful machine learning algorithms<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Machine Learning example &#8211; <strong>Google<\/strong> is able to provide you with appropriate search results based on browsing habits.<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, <strong>Netflix<\/strong> is capable of recommending the films or shows that you would want to watch based on the machine learning algorithms that perform predictions based on your <strong>watch history<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, machine learning has facilitated the <strong>automation<\/strong> of redundant tasks that have taken away the need for manual labor. All of this is possible due to the <strong>massive amount<\/strong> of <strong>data<\/strong> that you generate on a daily basis.<\/p>\n<p>Machine Learning facilitates several <strong>methodologies<\/strong> to make sense of this data and provide you with <strong>steadfast<\/strong> and <strong>accurate results<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>How does Machine Learning Work?<\/h3>\n<p>With an exponential increase in data, there is a need for having a system that can handle this <strong>massive load<\/strong> of <strong>data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Machine Learning models like <strong>Deep Learning<\/strong> allow the vast majority of data to be handled with an <strong>accurate generation<\/strong> of <strong>predictions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Machine Learning has revolutionized the way we <strong>perceive information<\/strong> and the<strong> various insights<\/strong> we can gain out of it.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/How-machine-learning-works.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-63972 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/How-machine-learning-works.jpg\" alt=\"How Machine learning works\" width=\"802\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/How-machine-learning-works.jpg 802w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/How-machine-learning-works-150x79.jpg 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/How-machine-learning-works-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/How-machine-learning-works-768x402.jpg 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/How-machine-learning-works-520x272.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 802px) 100vw, 802px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>These machine learning algorithms use the patterns contained in the training data to perform <strong>classification<\/strong> and <strong>future predictions<\/strong>. Whenever any new input is introduced to the <strong>ML model<\/strong>, it applies its learned patterns over the new data to <strong>make future predictions<\/strong>. Based on the final accuracy, one can <strong>optimize<\/strong> their models using various <strong>standardized approaches<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In this way, Machine Learning model learns to adapt to new examples and produce <strong>better results<\/strong>. Next in Machine Learning tutorial is its types. Have a look &#8211;<\/p>\n<h3>Types of Machine Learning<\/h3>\n<p>Machine Learning Algorithms can be classified into 3 types as follows &#8211;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Supervised Learning<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Unsupervised Learning\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Reinforcement Learning<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/machine-learning-types.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-63970 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/machine-learning-types.jpg\" alt=\"machine learning algorithms types\" width=\"700\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/machine-learning-types.jpg 700w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/machine-learning-types-150x107.jpg 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/machine-learning-types-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/07\/machine-learning-types-520x371.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Supervised learning<\/h4>\n<p>Supervised learning is that the machine learning task of learning a function that maps an <strong>input<\/strong> to an <strong>output<\/strong> supported example input-output pairs.<\/p>\n<p>In Supervised Learning, the dataset on which we train our model is <strong>labeled<\/strong>. There is a clear and <strong>distinct mapping<\/strong> of input and output. Based on the example inputs, the model is able to get <strong>trained<\/strong> in the <strong>instances<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>An example of supervised learning is <strong>spam filtering<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Based on the <strong>labeled data<\/strong>, the model is able to determine if the data is <strong>spam<\/strong> or <strong>ham. <\/strong>This is an easier form of <strong>training<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Spam filtering is an example of this type of <strong>machine learning algorithm<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4>Unsupervised Learning<\/h4>\n<p>Unsupervised Learning may be a machine learning technique during which the users don&#8217;t got to <strong>supervise the model<\/strong>. Instead, it allows the model to figure on its own to get <strong>patterns<\/strong> and <strong>knowledge<\/strong> that was <strong>previously undetected<\/strong>. It mainly deals with the <strong>unlabeled data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In Unsupervised Learning, there is no labeled data. The algorithm identifies the <strong>patterns<\/strong> within the <strong>dataset<\/strong> and <strong>learns<\/strong> them. The algorithm groups the data into <strong>various clusters<\/strong> based on their <strong>density. <\/strong>Using it, one can perform <strong>visualization<\/strong> on <strong>high dimensional data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>One example of this type of Machine learning algorithm is the <strong>Principle Component Analysis<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore,<strong> K-Means Clustering<\/strong> is another type of Unsupervised Learning where the data is clustered in groups of a similar order. The learning process in Unsupervised Learning is solely on the basis of <strong>finding patterns<\/strong> in the <strong>data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>After learning the patterns, the <strong>model<\/strong> then makes <strong>conclusions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4>Reinforcement Learning<\/h4>\n<p>Reinforcement learning is one among three basic machine learning paradigms, alongside supervised learning and unsupervised learning.<\/p>\n<p>It is an <strong>emerging<\/strong> and <strong>most popular<\/strong> type of Machine Learning Algorithm. It is used in various <strong>autonomous systems<\/strong> like <strong>cars<\/strong> and <strong>industrial robotics<\/strong>. The aim of this algorithm is to reach a goal in a <strong>dynamic environment<\/strong>. It can reach this <strong>goal<\/strong> based on several rewards that are provided to it by the system.<\/p>\n<p>This is most heavily used in <strong>programming robots <\/strong>to perform <strong>autonomous actions<\/strong>. It is also used in making <strong>intelligent self-driving cars<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Let us consider the case of <strong>robotic navigation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, the <strong>efficiency<\/strong> can be improved with further <strong>experimentation<\/strong> with the agent in its environment. This the main principle behind <strong>reinforcement learning<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>There are similar sequences of action in a reinforcement learning model.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/Types-of-Machine-Learning-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"885\" height=\"721\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-63996\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/Types-of-Machine-Learning-1.jpg\" alt=\"&quot;Types\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/Types-of-Machine-Learning-1.jpg 885w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/Types-of-Machine-Learning-1-150x122.jpg 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/Types-of-Machine-Learning-1-300x244.jpg 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/Types-of-Machine-Learning-1-768x626.jpg 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/Types-of-Machine-Learning-1-520x424.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 885px) 100vw, 885px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Machine Learning Algorithms<\/h3>\n<p>Let us see some most common machine learning approaches:<\/p>\n<h4>1. Regression<\/h4>\n<p>Regression models are used <strong>extensively<\/strong> to <strong>predict values<\/strong> based on the <strong>variables<\/strong> that are <strong>dependent<\/strong> on <strong>several factors<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The most common example of regression is <strong>Linear Regression<\/strong> where there is a <strong>linear relationship<\/strong> or <strong>correlation<\/strong> between the <strong>predictor variable<\/strong> and the <strong>response variable<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>There are also other types of regression such as <strong>ARIMA<\/strong> <strong>regression<\/strong> that makes use an <strong>auto-correlation regression<\/strong> model to <strong>forecast continuous values<\/strong> provided by the <strong>time-series data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>They are used in <strong>forecasting<\/strong> the <strong>stock prices<\/strong> and other values that are based on time.<\/p>\n<h4>2. Decision Tree Learning<\/h4>\n<p>Decision Trees are a <strong>supervised<\/strong> <strong>type<\/strong> of <strong>machine learning<\/strong> <strong>algorithms<\/strong>. These trees are mainly used for <strong>predictive modeling<\/strong>. We <strong>create<\/strong> a <strong>decision tree<\/strong> that is able to <strong>take decisions<\/strong> based on user input.<\/p>\n<p>Decision Trees can be used for <strong>both regressions<\/strong> as well as <strong>classification<\/strong>. These trees are used to provide <strong>graphical outputs<\/strong> to the user based on several <strong>independent variables<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4>3. Support Vector Machines<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Support Vector Machines<\/strong> or <strong>SVMs<\/strong> are machine learning algorithms that are used to <strong>classify data<\/strong> into <strong>two categories<\/strong> or <strong>classes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>It is a type of supervised learning algorithms that makes use of several types of <strong>kernels<\/strong> to classify the data. Based on the prediction performed, it can categorize whether it falls into <strong>one class<\/strong> or any <strong>other class<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>With the help of SVMs, one can perform <strong>both linear<\/strong> as well as <strong>non-linear<\/strong> <strong>classification<\/strong>. An SVM classifier <strong>divides<\/strong> the <strong>data<\/strong> into <strong>two classes<\/strong> using a <strong>hyperplane<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4>4. Association Rule Learning<\/h4>\n<p>Association rule learning is a type of learning technique that checks the dependency of one data item on another and maps accordingly to make it more profitable.<\/p>\n<p>This is used for finding relationships between several variables that are present in the database. It is a type of data mining technique through which you can discover association between several items. It applied in sale industries mostly to predict if the customer will buy item Y if he has purchased the item X.<\/p>\n<h4>5. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)<\/h4>\n<p>An Artificial Neural Network is an <strong>advanced form<\/strong> of <strong>machine learning technique<\/strong>. These <strong>neural networks<\/strong> are modeled after the <strong>human nervous system<\/strong> and are therefore called <strong>neural networks<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>There is a connection of several <strong>neurons<\/strong> which <strong>compute <\/strong>the <strong>information<\/strong>. These neurons capture the <strong>statistical structure<\/strong> and are therefore able to <strong>create <\/strong>a <strong>joint probability distribution<\/strong> over the <strong>input variables<\/strong>. These neural networks are <strong>apt<\/strong> at <strong>finding patterns<\/strong> over <strong>large datasets<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Neural Networks can perform <strong>classification<\/strong> as well as <strong>regression<\/strong> tasks with <strong>high accuracy<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, they <strong>eliminate<\/strong> the requirement for doing <strong>heavy statistical tasks<\/strong> in <strong>pre-processing<\/strong> as they are <strong>quite adequate<\/strong> in realizing patterns on their own.<\/p>\n<h4>6. Inductive Logic Programming<\/h4>\n<p>In this, logic programming forms the core part to produce a <strong>rule-like learning model<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Inductive Logic Programming<\/strong> or <strong>ILP<\/strong> presents the input information, <strong>hypothesis<\/strong> as well as the <strong>background contextual knowledge<\/strong> in the form of several rules that have to be followed with <strong>logic<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>It makes use of <strong>functional programs<\/strong> to carry out <strong>inductive programming<\/strong> to <strong>process hypothesis<\/strong> in part rules.<\/p>\n<p>Training models are quite often used for developing this model which is then used to <strong>forge relationships<\/strong> between <strong>several variables<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4>7. Reinforcement Learning<\/h4>\n<p>The aim of Reinforcement Learning is to <strong>direct<\/strong> the agent towards <strong>maximizing rewards<\/strong> and <strong>reach its goal<\/strong>. This takes place in a <strong>dynamic environment<\/strong> where the agent has to chart its way to the goal through a <strong>series of trials<\/strong> and <strong>errors<\/strong>. Each time it takes a <strong>correct route<\/strong>, its <strong>profit is maximized<\/strong> and when it <strong>encounters<\/strong> a <strong>wrong approach<\/strong>, its <strong>profit is minimized<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Reinforcement Learning is widely used in<strong> self-driving cars<\/strong> and <strong>autonomous robotics<\/strong> that require <strong>self-decision making capability<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>These are experimental in nature and through a <strong>series of trials<\/strong> are able to reach their goals with <strong>maximum accuracy (or rewards)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4>8. Clustering<\/h4>\n<p>In<strong> clustering<\/strong>, the observations are <strong>divided into groups<\/strong> or <strong>clusters<\/strong>. These clusters are formed based on <strong>similar data<\/strong> and have <strong>similar criteria<\/strong>. These criteria can be <strong>density<\/strong> or <strong>similar structure<\/strong> of the <strong>data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>There are several clustering techniques that make use of <strong>different criteria<\/strong> to <strong>cluster the data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>For instance, the <strong>distance between the data<\/strong>, the <strong>density of the data<\/strong> and <strong>graph connectivity<\/strong> are some of the criteria that <strong>define techniques<\/strong> for <strong>clustering<\/strong> in <strong>machine learning<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Since there are <strong>no labeled data<\/strong> or <strong>input-output mapping<\/strong>, this type of technique is an <strong>unsupervised machine learning <\/strong>procedure.<\/p>\n<h4>9. Similarity and Metric Learning<\/h4>\n<p>Similarity determination is one of the <strong>key functions<\/strong> of machine learning. In this form of learning, the <strong>ML model<\/strong> is provided a <strong>mix of similar<\/strong> as well as <strong>dissimilar data objects<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The machine learning model <strong>learns to map<\/strong> similar objects together and learns a similarity function that allows it to group similar objects together in the future.<\/p>\n<h4>10. Bayesian Networks<\/h4>\n<p>A Bayesian Network is an <strong>acyclic directed graphical model<\/strong>. This model is also called <strong>DAG<\/strong> which represents the probability of several <strong>independent conditioned variables<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>One can illustrate the relationship between <strong>disease<\/strong> and <strong>symptoms<\/strong>. It can be used to <strong>compute<\/strong> the <strong>probabilities<\/strong> of <strong>various diseases<\/strong>. They can be used to find the <strong>diagnosis<\/strong> of <strong>several diseases<\/strong> through a <strong>calculated approach<\/strong> of <strong>listing probabilities<\/strong> of various <strong>factors<\/strong> that could have contributed towards it.<\/p>\n<p>More advanced forms of <strong>Bayesian Networks<\/strong> are <strong>Deep Bayesian Networks<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The basic principle behind the Bayesian Network is the <strong>Bayes theorem<\/strong> which is the most important part of the <strong>probability theory<\/strong>. With the help of Bayes Theorem, we determine the <strong>conditional probability<\/strong> of an <strong>event<\/strong>. This <strong>conditional probability<\/strong> is of a <strong>known event<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The conditional probability itself is the <strong>hypothesis<\/strong>. And, we calculate this <strong>probability<\/strong> based on the previous evidence.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600\"><strong>P (A\/B) = P (B\/A)*P (A)\/P (B)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Using a <strong>well-defined network<\/strong> of a <strong>connected graph<\/strong>, a user can make a <strong>DAG<\/strong> to <strong>model conditional dependencies<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4>11. Representation Learning<\/h4>\n<p>In order to represent the data in a <strong>more structured format<\/strong>, we make use of <strong>representation learning<\/strong>. This formats the <strong>data efficiently<\/strong> so that the <strong>model<\/strong> can <strong>train better<\/strong> to <strong>provide accurate results<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The representation of data is one of the key factors that can affect the <strong>performance<\/strong> of the machine learning method. This allows the algorithm to <strong>learn better<\/strong> from the <strong>data<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Using representation learning, algorithms are able to <strong>preserve<\/strong> the <strong>input data<\/strong> and <strong>essential information<\/strong>. Therefore, a model is able to <strong>capture<\/strong> most of the <strong>information<\/strong> during <strong>pre-processing<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, the inputs present in pre-processing are able to gather <strong>data generating<\/strong> a defined <strong>distribution<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4>12. Sparse Dictionary Learning<\/h4>\n<p>In the method of Sparse Dictionary, a <strong>linear combination<\/strong> of <strong>basis functions<\/strong> as well as <strong>sparse coefficients<\/strong> are assumed.<\/p>\n<p>The elements of a sparse dictionary are called <strong>atoms<\/strong>. These atoms altogether compose a <strong>dictionary<\/strong>. It is an <strong>extension<\/strong> of representation learning. It is used most widely in <strong>compressed sensing<\/strong> and <strong>signal recovery<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In this method, we represent a datum as a <strong>linear combination<\/strong> of <strong>basis functions<\/strong> and then <strong>assume the coefficients<\/strong> to be <strong>sparse<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>So, this was all in the latest Machine learning tutorial for beginners. Many of you might find the umbrella terms<strong> Machine learning<\/strong>, <strong>Deep learning<\/strong>, and <strong>AI confusing<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>So, here is some additional help; below is the difference between <strong>machine learning<\/strong>, <strong>deep learning<\/strong>, and <strong>AI<\/strong> in simple terms.<\/p>\n<h3>Machine Learning vs Deep Learning vs AI<\/h3>\n<h4>Machine Learning<\/h4>\n<p>It is a method of <strong>knowledge analysis<\/strong> that automates <strong>analytical<\/strong> <strong>model building<\/strong>. It&#8217;s a branch of AI supported the thought that systems can learn from <strong>data<\/strong>, <strong>identify patterns<\/strong> and <strong>make decisions<\/strong> with <strong>minimal human intervention<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Machine Learning is a part of Artificial Intelligence that involves <strong>implementing algorithms<\/strong> that are able to learn from the <strong>data<\/strong> or <strong>previous instances<\/strong> and are able to <strong>perform tasks<\/strong> <strong>without explicit instructions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The procedure for learning from the <strong>data<\/strong> involves <strong>statistical recognition<\/strong> of <strong>patterns<\/strong> and <strong>fitting<\/strong> the <strong>model<\/strong> so as to evaluate the <strong>data<\/strong> more <strong>accurately<\/strong> and provide us with <strong>precise results<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h4>Deep Learning<\/h4>\n<p>Deep learning is a <strong>component<\/strong> of a <strong>broader family<\/strong> of <strong>machine learning methods<\/strong> supported <strong>artificial neural networks<\/strong> with <strong>representation learning<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Learning is often <strong>supervised<\/strong>, <strong>semi-supervised<\/strong> or <strong>unsupervised. <\/strong>Deep Learning is a part of Machine Learning that involves the <strong>usage<\/strong> of <strong>artificial neural networks<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Deep Learning machine learning algorithms are the most <strong>popular<\/strong> choice in many industries due to the <strong>ability of neural networks<\/strong> to learn from <strong>large data<\/strong> more <strong>accurately<\/strong> and provide <strong>steadfast<\/strong> <strong>results<\/strong> to the user.<\/p>\n<h4>Artificial Intelligence<\/h4>\n<p>AI is the <strong>greater pool<\/strong> that contains an <strong>amalgamation<\/strong> of all the above-discussed <strong>technologies<\/strong>. Artificial Intelligence is still <strong>under research<\/strong> and involves <strong>imparting sentient intelligence<\/strong> to the machines.<\/p>\n<p>However, Artificial General Intelligence is still far fetched and will require years of <strong>research<\/strong> before we can have even a basic version of it.<\/p>\n<h3>Machine Learning Applications<\/h3>\n<p>Machine Learning is useful in many areas. Some prominent applications include:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Healthcare:<\/strong> Artificial intelligence used to anticipate the epidemics, identify endemics and develop individual care regimen. Diagnosis models help in the early detection of diseases like cancer; this has a positive impact on the health of the patient and the health care system.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Finance:<\/strong> In the field of finance, the application of machine learning includes credit rating, fraud, and algorithmic trading. Applying machine learning on transactional data, one is able to detect the various anomalous activities and therefore, prevent unauthorized transactions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Natural Language Processing (NLP):<\/strong> Real-life applications of NLP are in areas such as language translation, opinion mining, and chatbots. With ML algorithms, text based data can be processed for its context, emotions and real time responses.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Cybersecurity:<\/strong> Applications of machine learning in intrusion detection include threat identification, intrusion prevention, and anomaly detection. Using machine learning algorithms, security researchers monitor network traffic and learn from it to counter cyber threats.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Transportation: <\/strong>Machine Learning finds many applications in transportation field like in autonomous vehicles<\/p>\n<h3>Summary<\/h3>\n<p>Machine Learning is a branch of computer science where machines are trained to learn from data and improve over time without being clearly programmed. Instead of writing code for every task, we give data to the machine and it finds patterns, makes decisions, and gives results. This is helpful in tasks like predicting prices, recognizing faces, translating languages, and more. With the right data, even a basic model can start learning and give smart outputs.<\/p>\n<p>Hope you enjoyed the article.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This being a beginner&#8217;s tutorial of Machine Learning, I will try to make it as simple as it could be. Have you ever went for grocery shopping? What do you do before going to&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":73189,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[16465,16460,8469,20653,20652,16464,16466],"class_list":["post-3292","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-machine-learning","tag-data-mining-vs-machine-learning","tag-learn-machine-learning","tag-machine-learning-tutorial","tag-ml-algorithms","tag-ml-tutorial-for-beginners","tag-types-of-machine-learning","tag-what-is-machine-learning"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Machine Learning Tutorial - All the Essential Concepts in Single Tutorial - DataFlair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Machine learning tutorial for beginners - Know what is machine learning and learn its concepts from basic to advanced in simple and easy way\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/machine-learning-tutorial\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Machine Learning Tutorial - All the Essential Concepts in Single Tutorial - DataFlair\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Machine learning tutorial for beginners - Know what is machine learning and learn its concepts from basic to advanced in simple and easy way\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/machine-learning-tutorial\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"DataFlair\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataFlairWS\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-07-13T06:11:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-27T06:25:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/what-is-machine-learning.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"802\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"420\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"DataFlair Team\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@DataFlairWS\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@DataFlairWS\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"DataFlair Team\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"15 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Machine Learning Tutorial - All the Essential Concepts in Single Tutorial - DataFlair","description":"Machine learning tutorial for beginners - Know what is machine learning and learn its concepts from basic to advanced in simple and easy way","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/machine-learning-tutorial\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Machine Learning Tutorial - All the Essential Concepts in Single Tutorial - DataFlair","og_description":"Machine learning tutorial for beginners - Know what is machine learning and learn its concepts from basic to advanced in simple and easy way","og_url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/machine-learning-tutorial\/","og_site_name":"DataFlair","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataFlairWS\/","article_published_time":"2017-07-13T06:11:58+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-07-27T06:25:59+00:00","og_image":[{"width":802,"height":420,"url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/07\/what-is-machine-learning.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"DataFlair Team","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@DataFlairWS","twitter_site":"@DataFlairWS","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"DataFlair Team","Est. reading time":"15 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/machine-learning-tutorial\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/machine-learning-tutorial\/"},"author":{"name":"DataFlair Team","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/#\/schema\/person\/7f83c342f5d1632d6f7b4b0b0f447823"},"headline":"Machine Learning Tutorial &#8211; 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