{"id":26612,"date":"2018-08-29T07:32:56","date_gmt":"2018-08-29T07:32:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=26612"},"modified":"2021-03-12T13:40:41","modified_gmt":"2021-03-12T08:10:41","slug":"sql-subquery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sql-subquery\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL Subquery &#8211; Types of Subqueries in SQL"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In our previous tutorials, we have seen how to create, update, and delete databases with various queries. In this tutorial, we will dive into the world of nested queries.<\/p>\n<h3>What are SQL Subqueries?<\/h3>\n<p>SQL subqueries or nested queries are SQL statements where we need the results from our database after using multiple filters.<\/p>\n<p>A subquery is put to restrict the data pool for the main query i.e., the inner query gives us the data which is the pool for the main query.<\/p>\n<p>Subqueries are compatible with almost all SQL statements, for example,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>INSERT<\/li>\n<li>UPDATE<\/li>\n<li>DELETE<\/li>\n<li>SELECT<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>We embed the inner query in the Where clause to get the required results.<\/p>\n<p>The syntax for SQL subqueries are as follows:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">SELECT column_name\r\n FROM table_name1\r\nWHERE VALUE IN \r\n(SELECT column_name\r\nFROM table_name2 \r\nWHERE condition)\r\n<\/pre>\n<h3>Rules to Use Subqueries in SQL<\/h3>\n<p>We need to follow some rules while writing SQL Subqueries. We will discuss the rules below:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Subqueries need to be enclosed in the Where clause and can be used with Insert, Update, Delete, and Select statements.<\/li>\n<li>We can use comparison operators for example: &lt;, &gt;, &gt; =, &lt; =, !=, IN , Between for the subqueries.<\/li>\n<li>The subquery is always executed first and then the main query.<\/li>\n<li>Subquery should be enclosed within parentheses.<\/li>\n<li>Subqueries are always to the right of the comparison operators.<\/li>\n<li>We can&#8217;t use Order By clause in the subquery; instead, we can use the Group By clause.<\/li>\n<li>We should use single-row operators with single-row subqueries and vice versa.<\/li>\n<li>We can\u2019t use Between clause with a subquery, but we can use Between in a subquery.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Types of SQL Subqueries<\/h3>\n<p>We have various subqueries; some of them are as follows:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Single Row Subquery<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Returns zero or one row in results.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Multiple Row Subquery<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Returns one or more rows in results.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Multiple Column Subqueries<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Returns one or more columns<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Correlated Subqueries<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Returns one or more columns according to the main or the outer query, thus called a correlated subquery.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Nested Subqueries<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>We have queries within a query(inner and outer query).<\/p>\n<h3>Demo Database<\/h3>\n<p>Let us have a look at our demo database.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Query:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">SELECT * FROM DataFlair_emp1;\r\n<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/view-demo-databse.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-87091\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/view-demo-databse.png\" alt=\"SQL View Database\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1032\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/view-demo-databse.png 1920w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/view-demo-databse-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/view-demo-databse-1024x550.png 1024w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/view-demo-databse-150x81.png 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/view-demo-databse-768x413.png 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/view-demo-databse-1536x826.png 1536w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/view-demo-databse-720x387.png 720w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/view-demo-databse-520x280.png 520w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/view-demo-databse-320x172.png 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>We can view our demo database.<\/p>\n<h4>SELECT Statement with Subquery<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Example 1: Let us find the second highest salary of the employee in DataFlair.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Query:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">SELECT emp_id, MAX(salary) AS salary\r\n  FROM dataflair_emp1\r\n WHERE salary &lt; (SELECT MAX(salary)\r\n                 FROM dataflair_emp1); \r\n<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-1-3-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-87092\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-1-3-1.png\" alt=\"SQL Subqueries Example\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1028\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-1-3-1.png 1920w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-1-3-1-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-1-3-1-1024x548.png 1024w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-1-3-1-150x80.png 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-1-3-1-768x411.png 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-1-3-1-1536x822.png 1536w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-1-3-1-720x386.png 720w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-1-3-1-520x278.png 520w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-1-3-1-320x171.png 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Here we can see the second-largest salary of the employee in DataFlair.<\/p>\n<h4>Update Statement with Subquery<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Example 2: Let us increase the salary of Senior Manager to 35000.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Query:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">UPDATE dataflair_emp1 \r\nSET salary=35000\r\nWHERE emp_id  = ( SELECT emp_id\r\n                    FROM dataflair_emp1\r\n                    WHERE post='Sr.Manager');     \r\nselect * from dataflair_emp1;\r\n<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-2-3-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-87093\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-2-3-1.png\" alt=\"Example of SQL Subqueries\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1028\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-2-3-1.png 1920w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-2-3-1-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-2-3-1-1024x548.png 1024w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-2-3-1-150x80.png 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-2-3-1-768x411.png 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-2-3-1-1536x822.png 1536w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-2-3-1-720x386.png 720w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-2-3-1-520x278.png 520w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-2-3-1-320x171.png 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Delete Statement with Subquery<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Example 3: Let us delete the employee with the age = 25.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Query:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"null\">DELETE FROM dataflair_emp1\r\nWHERE emp_id IN ( SELECT emp_id\r\n                   FROM dataflair_emp2\r\n                   WHERE age=25);  \r\nselect * from dataflair_emp1;\r\n<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-3-3-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-87094\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-3-3-1.png\" alt=\"SQL Subquery Example\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1032\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-3-3-1.png 1920w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-3-3-1-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-3-3-1-1024x550.png 1024w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-3-3-1-150x81.png 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-3-3-1-768x413.png 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-3-3-1-1536x826.png 1536w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-3-3-1-720x387.png 720w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-3-3-1-520x280.png 520w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/example-3-3-1-320x172.png 320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Here we can see the records corresponding to the result of subquery are dropped.<\/p>\n<h3>Summary<\/h3>\n<p>In this tutorial, we got the essence of what subqueries are and how we use them. We have rules and theories which we need to follow while writing a subquery.<\/p>\n<p>The major takeaway is that a subquery executes from the inner query to the outer query. When we use subqueries, we are able to obtain the answers to very complex analytics.<\/p>\n<p>Subqueries make the operations easy and more readable for the user. Subqueries are the major tool of a DBA, and one should have a good grip on subqueries to become a DBA.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In our previous tutorials, we have seen how to create, update, and delete databases with various queries. In this tutorial, we will dive into the world of nested queries. What are SQL Subqueries? SQL&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":87089,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[66],"tags":[9040,13482,13491,13560,13567,13568,13569,15117,15994],"class_list":["post-26612","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sql","tag-nested-query-in-sql","tag-sql-inner-query","tag-sql-join-subquery","tag-sql-server-subquery","tag-sql-subquery-in-select","tag-sql-subquery-in-where-clause","tag-sql-subquery-multiple-tables","tag-types-of-subqueries-in-sql","tag-what-is-subquery-in-sql"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SQL Subquery - Types of Subqueries in SQL - DataFlair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SQL Subquery,what is nested query in SQL,types of subqueries in SQL,SQL Subquery in Select,SQL Server Subquery,SQL Inner query,insert,update,delete,select\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sql-subquery\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SQL Subquery - Types of Subqueries in SQL - DataFlair\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"SQL Subquery,what is nested query in SQL,types of subqueries in SQL,SQL Subquery in Select,SQL Server Subquery,SQL Inner query,insert,update,delete,select\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sql-subquery\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"DataFlair\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataFlairWS\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-08-29T07:32:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-03-12T08:10:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/SQL-Sub-Queries.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"628\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"DataFlair Team\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@DataFlairWS\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@DataFlairWS\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"DataFlair Team\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"SQL Subquery - Types of Subqueries in SQL - DataFlair","description":"SQL Subquery,what is nested query in SQL,types of subqueries in SQL,SQL Subquery in Select,SQL Server Subquery,SQL Inner query,insert,update,delete,select","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sql-subquery\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"SQL Subquery - Types of Subqueries in SQL - DataFlair","og_description":"SQL Subquery,what is nested query in SQL,types of subqueries in SQL,SQL Subquery in Select,SQL Server Subquery,SQL Inner query,insert,update,delete,select","og_url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sql-subquery\/","og_site_name":"DataFlair","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DataFlairWS\/","article_published_time":"2018-08-29T07:32:56+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-03-12T08:10:41+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":628,"url":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/08\/SQL-Sub-Queries.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"DataFlair Team","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@DataFlairWS","twitter_site":"@DataFlairWS","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"DataFlair Team","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sql-subquery\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sql-subquery\/"},"author":{"name":"DataFlair Team","@id":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/#\/schema\/person\/2c58ecb4f73a39f0ef993f1ddfcd7b89"},"headline":"SQL Subquery &#8211; 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