{"id":21794,"date":"2018-08-07T06:25:32","date_gmt":"2018-08-07T06:25:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=21794"},"modified":"2021-03-09T22:15:20","modified_gmt":"2021-03-09T16:45:20","slug":"sql-data-types","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sql-data-types\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL Data Types | Data Types in SQL Server"},"content":{"rendered":"

In this tutorial, we will learn about the data types available in SQL. Let us dive deep into the data types.<\/p>\n

What are the Data types and their Needs?<\/h3>\n

We have a huge volume of data available to us, and it would be complicated to handle this data if we store all the data in a single data type.<\/p>\n

Data type comes in handy when we need to handle a variety of data available to us.<\/p>\n

For example: If we consider the data of a student, we will see that we have a diversity of data types being used.<\/p>\n

The name of the candidate is a string or varchar, the roll number is an int value, date of birth is a date object. With this example, we can clearly understand the need for data types in the creation of a database.<\/p>\n

Available Datatypes<\/h3>\n

Some of the data types available in SQL are:<\/p>\n

1. Binary Datatype<\/h4>\n

Binary datatype has further divisions as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Sr.No<\/b><\/td>\nDataType<\/b><\/td>\nDescription<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nbinary<\/td>\nStores fixed-length binary data with a maximum capacity of 8000 bytes.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nvarbinary<\/td>\nStores variable-length binary data with a maximum capacity of 8000 bytes.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nvarbinary(max)<\/td>\nStores variable-length binary data with a maximum capacity of 231 bytes.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nimage<\/td>\nStores variable-length binary data with a maximum capacity of 2,147,483,647 bytes<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2. Exact Numeric Datatype<\/h4>\n

Further divisions of an exact numeric datatype are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Sr.No<\/b><\/td>\nDatatype<\/b><\/td>\nDescription<\/b><\/td>\nRange<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nbigint<\/td>\nHolds the big integer values.<\/td>\n[-9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,808]<\/span><\/p>\n

Both inclusive<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

2<\/td>\nint<\/td>\nHolds the integer values.<\/td>\n[-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,648] <\/span>Both inclusive<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nsmallint<\/td>\nHolds small integer values.<\/td>\n[-32,768 to 32,768] <\/span>Both inclusive<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\ntinyint<\/td>\nHolds a tiny range of int from 0 to 255.<\/td>\n[0 to 255] <\/span>Both inclusive<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nbit<\/td>\nHolds the value 0 or 1.<\/td>\n0 or 1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\ndecimal<\/td>\nHolds the decimal values.<\/td>\n[-10^38+1 to 10^38-1] <\/span>Both inclusive<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nnumeric<\/td>\nHolds the numerical values<\/td>\n[-10^38+1 to 10^38-1] <\/span>Both inclusive<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nmoney<\/td>\nHolds the monetary values.<\/td>\n[-922,337,203,685,477.5808 to 922,337,203,685,477.5808] <\/span><\/p>\n

Both inclusive<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

9<\/td>\nsmallmoney<\/td>\nHolds small monetary values.<\/td>\n[-214,748.3648 to 214,748.3648] <\/span>Both inclusive<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3. Approximate Numeric Datatype<\/h4>\n

The divisions of an approximate numeric datatype are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Sr.No<\/b><\/td>\nDatatype<\/b><\/td>\nDescription<\/b><\/td>\nRange<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nfloat<\/td>\nHolds the float values.<\/td>\n-1.79E+308\u00a0 to 1.79E+308<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nreal<\/td>\nHolds the real numerical values.<\/td>\n-3.40E+38 to 3.40E+38<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

4. Character String Datatype<\/h4>\n

Further classifications of character and string data types are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Sr.No<\/b><\/td>\nDataType<\/b><\/td>\nDescription<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nchar<\/td>\nHolds fixed length characters with a maximum capacity of 8000 characters.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nvarchar<\/td>\nHolds variable-length non-Unicode characters with a max capacity of 8000 characters.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nvarchar(max)<\/td>\nHolds Variable-length non-Unicode characters with a max capacity of 231 characters.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\ntext<\/td>\nHolds Variable-length non-Unicode data with a max capacity of 2,147,483,647 characters.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

5. Unicode character String Datatype<\/h4>\n

Further divisions of Unicode character datatype are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Sr.No<\/b><\/td>\nDataType<\/b><\/td>\nDescription<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nnchar<\/td>\nStores Unicode fixed length characters with a max capacity of 4000 characters.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nNvarchar<\/td>\nStores Unicode variable-length characters with a max capacity of 4000 characters.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nnvarchar(max)<\/td>\nStores Unicode variable-length characters with a max capacity of 231 characters.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nntext<\/td>\nStores Unicode variable-length characters with a max capacity of 1 GB characters.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

6. Date and time Datatype<\/h4>\n

Further classifications of date and time datatype are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Sr.No<\/b><\/td>\nDatatype<\/b><\/td>\nDescription<\/b><\/td>\nRange<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\ndatetime<\/td>\nHolds the value of date and time both in a single variable.<\/td>\nJan 1, 1753 to Dec 31, 9999<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nsmalldatetime<\/td>\nHolds the smaller range of\u00a0 values of date and time both in a single variable.<\/td>\nJan 1, 1753 to Jun 6, 2079<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\ndate<\/td>\nHolds the value of the date.<\/td>\nNo Limits<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\ntime<\/td>\nHolds the value of time.<\/td>\nNo Limits<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nyear<\/td>\nHolds the two-digit or four-digit value for the variables of type year.<\/td>\nNo Limits<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\ntimestamp<\/td>\nHolds the value of time in the variable.<\/td>\nNo Limit<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

7. Miscellaneous Data Types<\/h4>\n

Further classifications of miscellaneous data types are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Sr.No<\/b><\/td>\nDatatype<\/b><\/td>\nDescription<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nclob<\/td>\nHolds large character objects with a max capacity of 2Gb.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nblob<\/td>\nHolds large binary objects.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nXML<\/td>\nHolds the incoming XML data.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nJSON<\/td>\nHolds the incoming JSON data.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\ncursor<\/td>\nHolds the cursor object.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nUUID<\/td>\nHolds the universally unique identifiers.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nbfile<\/td>\nHolds the binary data stored in external files.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Summary<\/h2>\n

In this tutorial, we saw the need and use of data types in SQL. Some of the widely used data types in SQL are int, varchar, date object, boolean, etc.<\/p>\n

When we talk about data types, we need to know about the data that is to be put into the column. Once we study and understand the data to be put in the column, we can decide the data type of the column.<\/p>\n

When we assign the column with the data type, the insertion queries work only if the data of the required data type is being inserted else the command fails and exits. We will continue learning more in the next tutorials.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In this tutorial, we will learn about the data types available in SQL. Let us dive deep into the data types. What are the Data types and their Needs? We have a huge volume...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":86778,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[66],"tags":[2472,3495,3496,4234,5039,9161,13439,13463,13555],"class_list":["post-21794","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sql","tag-character-string-datatype","tag-data-types-in-sql","tag-data-types-in-structured-query-language","tag-exact-numeric-type","tag-general-data-types-in-sql","tag-numeric-data-type-sql","tag-sql-data-types-with-example","tag-sql-general-data-types","tag-sql-server-numeric-data-types"],"yoast_head":"\nSQL Data Types | Data Types in SQL Server - DataFlair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SQL data types,numeric data type SQL,SQL server Data Types,what is data type in SQL,SQL data type with example,number datatype in SQL,\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sql-data-types\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SQL Data Types | Data Types in SQL Server - 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