

{"id":20535,"date":"2018-07-09T04:10:52","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T04:10:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=20535"},"modified":"2026-04-29T17:12:13","modified_gmt":"2026-04-29T11:42:13","slug":"nosql-database-in-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/nosql-database-in-python\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Work with NoSQL Database in Python using PyMongo"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='__iawmlf-post-loop-links' style='display:none;' data-iawmlf-post-links='[{&quot;id&quot;:149,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.python.org&quot;,&quot;archived_href&quot;:&quot;http:\\\/\\\/web-wp.archive.org\\\/web\\\/20251206090101\\\/https:\\\/\\\/www.python.org\\\/&quot;,&quot;redirect_href&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;checks&quot;:[{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-06 12:20:59&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-09 12:44:48&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-12 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06:27:39&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-24 07:06:36&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-27 07:30:50&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-30 08:47:47&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-02 09:37:18&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-05 09:43:29&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206}],&quot;broken&quot;:false,&quot;last_checked&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-05 09:43:29&quot;,&quot;http_code&quot;:206},&quot;process&quot;:&quot;done&quot;}]'><\/div>\n<p>In our last <a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/python-tutorial-for-beginners\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Python tutorial<\/strong><\/a>, we studied<a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/python-database-access\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <strong>Python Database Access<\/strong><\/a>. Here, in this Python NoSQL Database tutorial, we will study the working of NoSQL Database in the Python Programming Language. In addition, we will discuss the need and benefits of Python NoSQL Database. Along with this will study different types of NoSQL and different functions, such as how to insert into, update, and delete data from a NoSQL database. We will use <a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/mongodb-tutorial\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>MongoDB<\/strong><\/a> for this. At last, we will cover NoSQL vs SQL.<\/p>\n<p>So, let&#8217;s start the NoSQL Database in\u00a0Python.<\/p>\n<h3>What is a NoSQL Database?<\/h3>\n<p>Before beginning a NoSQL Database in Python, let\u2019s find out about NoSQL.<\/p>\n<p>NoSQL expands to \u201c<em>Not Only SQL<\/em>\u201d. It lends us a way to store and retrieve data that we can model in forms other than relational (tables). NoSQL databases are largely used in applications involving <a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/what-is-big-data\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>big data<\/strong> <\/a>and real-time use. The reason we call them \u201cNot Only SQL\u201d is that they may support query languages that are SQL-like. We can use NoSQL to store data in forms like key-value, document, columnar, and graph. When working with large sets of distributed data, we use NoSQL.<br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/how-python-copy-a-file\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Do you How to Copy a File n Python Programming Language<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Need for NoSQL Database in Python<\/h3>\n<p>So, why do we need NoSQL?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Instead of large monolithic servers and storage infrastructure, organizations now use cloud computing, open-source software, and commodity servers.<\/li>\n<li>Projects now adopt agile approaches instead of long waterfall traditions (Agility).<\/li>\n<li>There is a need to work with large volumes of data that changes type often. These types include unstructured, semi-structured, structured, and polymorphic data.<\/li>\n<li>The size of audiences has grown exponentially over the years (Scalability).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Database Types with NoSQL<\/h3>\n<p>As we\u2019ve discussed before, we have four different types of data we can model with NoSQL Database in Python-<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_20543\" style=\"width: 1677px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Database-Types-With-NoSQL-01.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20543\" class=\"wp-image-20543 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Database-Types-With-NoSQL-01.jpg\" alt=\"How to Work with NoSQL Database in Python using PyMongo\" width=\"1667\" height=\"872\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Database-Types-With-NoSQL-01.jpg 1667w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Database-Types-With-NoSQL-01-150x78.jpg 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Database-Types-With-NoSQL-01-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Database-Types-With-NoSQL-01-768x402.jpg 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Database-Types-With-NoSQL-01-1024x536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1667px) 100vw, 1667px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-20543\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">How to Work with NoSQL Database in Python using PyMongo<\/p><\/div>\n<h4>a. Document Databases<\/h4>\n<p>In a document database, each key pairs with a document. A document is a complex data structure and can hold any of the following- key-value pairs, key-array pairs, nested documents. These store semi-structured data.<br \/>\nWe use these for applications like content management and mobile application data handling.<\/p>\n<h4>b. Graph Stores<\/h4>\n<p>A graph store holds knowledge about data networks. One such network is social connections. In a graph store, a node is like a record in a relational database, and an edge is like a connection between nodes. This lets it represent data relationships better. We use these for applications like CRM and reservation systems. Some examples are Neo4J and Giraph.<\/p>\n<h4>c. Key-Value Stores<\/h4>\n<p>A key-value store holds key-value pairs in its structure. This is the simplest NoSQL database. We use these in applications like session management and caching in web applications. Some examples include Riak, Redis, and Berkeley DB.<\/p>\n<h4>d. Wide-Column Stores<\/h4>\n<p>When we want to store columns together working with queries over large datasets, we can use wide-column stores. We also find these in SQL databases and they query large volumes faster. Some examples are <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/apache-cassandra-tutorial\/\">Cassandra<\/a><\/strong>,<a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/hbase-tutorial\/\"> <strong>HBase<\/strong><\/a>, and Google BigTable.<br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/python-forensics\/\">Read About Python Forensics &#8211; Hash Function, Virtualization<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Benefits of Using NoSQL Database<\/h3>\n<p>These are the following advantages of NoSQL Database in Python, let&#8217;s discuss them one by one:<\/p>\n<p>1. Easy and flexible object-oriented programming.<\/p>\n<p>2. Large volumes of rapidly changing data- unstructured, structured, or semi-structured.<\/p>\n<p>3. Scale-out architecture that is geographically distributed.<\/p>\n<p>4. Agile sprints, frequent code pushes, quick schema iteration.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Challenges of using NoSQL database:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Lack of standardization:<\/strong> Different NoSQL databases can use different models and different query languages.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Maturity varies:<\/strong> Some systems might not support advanced features as compared to other relational databases.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Limited complex queries:<\/strong> Complex queries must be handled differently compared to other SQL Databases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>NoSQL vs SQL<\/h3>\n<p><strong>So, how are these two different? Let\u2019s see.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Schemas are typically dynamic for NoSQL but fixed for SQL.<\/li>\n<li>NoSQL can have different kinds of databases, as discussed, but SQL has only one.<\/li>\n<li>NoSQL came around in the late 2000s, and SQL has been here since the 1970s.<\/li>\n<li>For SQL, the data storage model is individual records, but for NoSQL, this depends on the database type.<\/li>\n<li>NoSQL has horizontal scaling; SQL has vertical.<\/li>\n<li>For NoSQL, development is open-source; for SQL, it is a combination of open-source and closed-source.<\/li>\n<li>The NoSQL DB used determines support for ACID transactions; SQL supports ACID transactions.<\/li>\n<li>Examples of NoSQL databases are MongoDB, <a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/apache-cassandra-tutorial\/\"><strong>Cassandra<\/strong><\/a>, Neo4J, and <a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/hbase-tutorial\/\"><strong>HBase<\/strong><\/a>; Those for SQL databases are MySQL, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, and Postgres.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Installing the Prerequisites of NoSQL Database in Python<\/h3>\n<p>In this Python NoSQL Database tutorial, we use the library pymongo. It is the official driver published by Mongo developers. You can install it this way:<br \/>\n<strong>C:\\Users\\lifei&gt;pip install pymongo<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Collecting pymongo<\/strong><br \/>\nDownloading https:\/\/files.pythonhosted.org\/packages\/0f\/54\/ec07858c625460027536aefe8bbe1d0f319b62b5884ec8650e1c2649dccb\/pymongo-3.7.0-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl (309kB)<br \/>\n100% |\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588\u2588| 317kB 392kB\/s<br \/>\nInstalling collected packages: pymongo<br \/>\nSuccessfully installed pymongo-3.7.0<br \/>\nThis installs version 3.7.0, which is the latest version of pymongo at the time of writing the tutorial.<br \/>\nYou will also need to <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/mongodb-environment-setup\/\">install the MongoDB <\/a><\/strong>database.<br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/mongodb-create-database\/\">Follow this link to know more about MongoDB Database<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Operations Perform in NoSQL Database in Python<\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_20555\" style=\"width: 1677px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Operations-Perform-in-Python-NoSQL-Database-01.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20555\" class=\"wp-image-20555 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Operations-Perform-in-Python-NoSQL-Database-01.jpg\" alt=\"How to Work with NoSQL Database in Python using PyMongo\" width=\"1667\" height=\"872\" srcset=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Operations-Perform-in-Python-NoSQL-Database-01.jpg 1667w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Operations-Perform-in-Python-NoSQL-Database-01-150x78.jpg 150w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Operations-Perform-in-Python-NoSQL-Database-01-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Operations-Perform-in-Python-NoSQL-Database-01-768x402.jpg 768w, https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2018\/07\/Operations-Perform-in-Python-NoSQL-Database-01-1024x536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1667px) 100vw, 1667px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-20555\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">How to Work with NoSQL Database in Python using PyMongo<\/p><\/div>\n<h4>a. Insert Operation<\/h4>\n<p>To insert data into a NoSQL database in Python 3, we use the insert() method. This is the code we use in the command prompt (You could also run a script or simply use the interpreter):<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\">C:\\Users\\lifei&gt;python<\/pre>\n<p>Python 3.6.5 (v3.6.5:f59c0932b4, Mar 28 2018, 17:00:18) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32<br \/>\nType &#8220;help&#8221;, &#8220;copyright&#8221;, &#8220;credits&#8221; or &#8220;license&#8221; for more information.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\">&gt;&gt;&gt; from pymongo import MongoClient\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; from pprint import pprint\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; client=MongoClient() #Choose client\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; db=client.test #Connect to DB\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; student=db.student\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; student_record={\r\n... 'Name':'Ayushi Sharma',\r\n... 'Enrolment':'0875CS191003',\r\n... 'Age':'22'}\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; result=student.insert_one(student_record)\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; pprint(student.find_one({\u2018Age\u2019:\u201922\u2019}))<\/pre>\n<p>{u\u2019Age\u2019: u\u201922\u2019,<br \/>\nu&#8217;Enrolment\u2019: u\u20190875CS191003\u2019,<br \/>\nu\u2019Name\u2019: u\u2019Ayushi Sharma\u2019,<br \/>\nu\u2019_id\u2019: ObjectId(\u20187cyz7c2e72f5uh7829011e36\u2019)}<br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/python-library\/\">Have a look The Best Article on Python\u2019s Various Libraries<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h4>b. Update Operation<\/h4>\n<p>Now, to update this data, we use the update() method.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\">&gt;&gt;&gt; from pymongo import MongoClient\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; from pprint import pprint\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; client=MongoClient() #Choose client\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; db=client.test #Connect to DB\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; student=db.student\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; db.student.update_one({'Age':'22'},\r\n... {'$set': {'Name':'Ayushi Sharma',\r\n.. 'Enrolment':'0875CS191003',\r\n... 'Age':'23'}}) #Choosing the record to update\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; pprint(student.find_one({\u2018Age\u2019:\u201923\u2019})<\/pre>\n<p>{u\u2019Age\u2019: u\u201923\u2019,<br \/>\nu&#8217;Enrolment\u2019: u\u20190875CS191003\u2019,<br \/>\nu\u2019Name\u2019: u\u2019Ayushi Sharma\u2019,<br \/>\nu\u2019_id\u2019: ObjectId(\u20187cyz7c2e72f5uh7829011e36\u2019)}<\/p>\n<h4>c. Delete Operation<\/h4>\n<p>Now, to delete this record, we can use the delete() method.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\">&gt;&gt;&gt; from pymongo import MongoClient\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; from pprint import pprint\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; client=MongoClient() #Choose client\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; db=client.test #Connect to DB\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; student=db.student\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; db.student.delete_one({\u2018Age\u2019:\u201923\u2019})\r\n&gt;&gt;&gt; pprint(student.find_one({\u2018Age\u2019:\u201923\u2019})<\/pre>\n<p>None<br \/>\nHere, Python prints None because it can\u2019t find that record in the database.<br \/>\nSo, this was all about NoSQL Database in Python. Hope you like our explanation.<\/p>\n<h3>Conclusion<\/h3>\n<p>NoSQL databases like MongoDB and Cassandra are used when working with large volumes of unstructured or semi-structured data. These databases don\u2019t follow the traditional table-row-column model and are ideal for use cases like real-time analytics, sensor data, and social media feeds. Python provides excellent libraries like pymongo to connect with MongoDB and cassandra-driver to work with Apache Cassandra.<\/p>\n<p>Hence, this gets you started with the basics of using NoSQL databases in Python using PyMongo. Leave your queries in the comments below.<br \/>\nSee Also-\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/python-jobs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Python Career Opportunities<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.python.org\/\">For reference<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In our last Python tutorial, we studied Python Database Access. Here, in this Python NoSQL Database tutorial, we will study the working of NoSQL Database in the Python Programming Language. In addition, we will&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":20545,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[3527,4021,5141,8025,9029,9126,9128,10722,16208,16494],"class_list":["post-20535","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-database-types-with-nosql","tag-document-databases","tag-graph-stores","tag-key-value-stores","tag-need-for-nosql-database","tag-nosql-database-in-python","tag-nosql-vs-sql","tag-python-nosql-database","tag-wide-column-stores","tag-working-nosql-python-database"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Work with NoSQL Database in Python using PyMongo - DataFlair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Let&#039;s understand the working of NoSQL Database in the Python Programming Language. 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