{"id":16916,"date":"2018-05-25T10:51:33","date_gmt":"2018-05-25T10:51:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=16916"},"modified":"2018-05-25T10:51:33","modified_gmt":"2018-05-25T10:51:33","slug":"hbase-commands","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/hbase-commands\/","title":{"rendered":"HBase Commands – General, Data Definition, & Data Manipulation"},"content":{"rendered":"

In our last HBase<\/strong> tutorial, we discussed HBase Shell<\/strong>. Today, we will see HBase Commands with examples and syntax. Basically, to get familiarized with HBase, we need to learn HBase Commands. <\/span><\/p>\n

There are several types of HBase commands such as general commands, data definition commands, data manipulation commands. So, in this article, we will learn all these\u00a0HBase\u00a0commands in detail.<\/span><\/p>\n

So, let’s explore HBase commands.<\/p>\n

Hbase Commands<\/span><\/h2>\n

There are several types of Commands in HBase. They are-<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>– General Commands<\/span>
\n<\/span>– Data Definition Commands<\/span>
\n<\/span>– Data Manipulation Commands<\/span>
\n<\/span>– Other HBase Shell Commands<\/span>
\nSo, let\u2019s learn all these Hbase Commands in detail.<\/span><\/p>\n

Types of Commands in HBase<\/h2>\n

There are various types of HBase commands<\/p>\n

a. General Commands<\/span><\/h3>\n
\"HBase<\/a>

HBase General Commands<\/p><\/div>\n

Below we are discussing some general HBase commands:
\ni. Status<\/strong>
\nIt shows the status of the cluster.<\/span>
\nA Syntax for Status-<\/strong><\/p>\n

hbase(main):009:0> status<\/pre>\n
ii.\u00a0table_help<\/strong>
\nThis command helps on Table reference commands, such as scan, put, get, disable, drop etc.<\/span>
\nA Syntax for table help –<\/strong><\/p>\n
hbase(main):02:0> table_help<\/pre>\n
iii. Version<\/strong>
\nIt displays version of HBase.<\/span>
\nVersion Syntax –<\/strong><\/p>\n
hbase(main):010:0> version<\/pre>\n
iv.\u00a0whoami<\/strong>
\nIt displays the current user details of HBase.<\/span>
\nWhoami Syntax-<\/strong><\/p>\n
hbase> whoami<\/pre>\n
b. Data Definition Commands<\/span><\/h3>\n
Following are some Data Definition HBase Commands:
\ni.\u00a0alter<\/strong>
\nWe use alter command to add\/modify\/delete column families, also to change table configuration.<\/span>
\na. Add\/Change column family<\/strong>
\nLet\u2019s see an example, in order to change or add the \u2018f1\u2019 column family in table \u2018t1\u2019 from the current value to keep a maximum of 5 cell VERSIONS, use this command- <\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> alter 't1', NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 5<\/pre>\n
Moreover, on several column families, we can operate it:<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> alter 't1', 'f1', {NAME => 'f2', IN_MEMORY => true}, {NAME => 'f3', VERSIONS => 5}<\/pre>\n
b. Delete column family<\/strong>
\nUse one of following to delete the \u2018f1\u2019 column family in table \u2018ns1:t1\u2019:<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> alter 'ns1:t1', NAME => 'f1', METHOD => 'delete'\nhbase> alter 'ns1:t1', 'delete' => 'f1'<\/pre>\n
c. Alter Table Properties<\/strong>
\nAlso, it is possible to change table-scope attributes such as MAX_FILESIZE, READONLY, MEMSTORE_FLUSHSIZE, DEFERRED_LOG_FLUSH, etc. we can put these at the end;<\/span>
\nfor example:<\/span>
\nNow, in order to change the max size of a region to 128MB, use this command:<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> alter 't1', MAX_FILESIZE => '134217728'<\/pre>\n
ii.\u00a0alter_async<\/strong>
\nOnly one difference between alter command and \u00a0alter_async is, alter_async does not wait for all regions to receive the schema changes.<\/span>
\niii.\u00a0alter_status<\/strong>
\nAlter_status command gets the status of the alter command. Moreover, it indicates the number of regions of the table which have received the updated schema.<\/span>
\nFor Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
hbase> alter_status 't1'\nhbase> alter_status 'ns1:t1'<\/pre>\n
iv. Create<\/strong>
\nFor Creating tables, we use it. Also, we can Pass a table name, and a set of column family specifications (at least one), and, optionally, table configuration as arguments.<\/span><\/p>\n
For Examples:<\/span>
\na. Create a table; <\/strong>
\nAlong with the namespace=ns1 and table qualifier\/name=t1<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> create 'ns1:t1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 5}<\/pre>\n
b. Create a table;<\/strong>
\nAlong with namespace=default and table qualifier=t1<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1'}, {NAME => 'f2'}, {NAME => 'f3'}\nhbase> # The above in shorthand would be the following:\nhbase> create 't1', 'f1', 'f2', 'f3'\nhbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 1, TTL => 2592000, BLOCKCACHE => true}\nhbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', CONFIGURATION => {'hbase.hstore.blockingStoreFiles' => '10'}}<\/pre>\n
c. Table configuration options can be put at the end.<\/strong><\/p>\n
hbase> create 'ns1:t1', 'f1', SPLITS => ['10', '20', '30', '40']\nhbase> create 't1', 'f1', SPLITS => ['10', '20', '30', '40']\nhbase> create 't1', 'f1', SPLITS_FILE => 'splits.txt', OWNER => 'johndoe'\nhbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 5}, METADATA => { 'mykey' => 'myvalue' }\nhbase> # Optionally pre-split the table into NUMREGIONS, using\nhbase> # SPLITALGO (\"HexStringSplit\", \"UniformSplit\" or classname)\nhbase> create 't1', 'f1', {NUMREGIONS => 15, SPLITALGO => 'HexStringSplit'}\nhbase> create 't1', 'f1', {NUMREGIONS => 15, SPLITALGO => 'HexStringSplit', CONFIGURATION => {'hbase.hregion.scan.loadColumnFamiliesOnDemand' => 'true'}}<\/pre>\n
d. Also, it is possible to keep around a reference to the created table.<\/strong><\/p>\n
hbase> t1 = create 't1', 'f1'<\/pre>\n
Which gives a reference to the table named \u2018t1\u2019, on which we can then call methods t1.scan, t1.get.<\/span><\/p>\n
v.\u00a0disable<\/strong><\/p>\n
The \u201cdisable\u201d command, disables an existing HBase table. However, the tables which are disabled, will not be deleted from HBase, only they are not available for regular access. <\/span><\/p>\n
And we can not run any other command except either enable or drop commands on disabled tables because this table is excluded from the list command. In simple words, Disabling means to delete the tables temporarily.<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> disable 't1'\nhbase> disable 'ns1:t1'<\/pre>\n
vi.\u00a0disable_all<\/strong>
\nBy \u00a0matching the given regex, it disable all of tables:<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> disable_all 't.*'\nhbase> disable_all 'ns:t.*'\nhbase> disable_all 'ns:.*'<\/pre>\n
vii.\u00a0drop<\/strong><\/p>\n
It simply means deleting the tables permanently. But make sure, to drop a table we need to disable it first.<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> drop 't1'\nhbase> drop 'ns1:t1'<\/pre>\n
viii.\u00a0drop_all<\/strong>
\nBy matching the given regex, it drops all of the tables:<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> drop_all 't.*'\nhbase> drop_all 'ns:t.*'\nhbase> drop_all 'ns:.*'<\/pre>\n
ix.\u00a0enable<\/strong><\/p>\n
In order to enable a table which might be currently disabled, we use enable command.<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> enable 't1'\nhbase> enable 'ns1:t1'<\/pre>\n
x.\u00a0enable_all<\/strong>
\nBy matching the given regex, it enables all of the tables :<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> enable_all 't.*'\nhbase> enable_all 'ns:t.*'\nhbase> enable_all 'ns:.*'<\/pre>\n
xi.\u00a0exists<\/strong>
\nWe use \u201cExists\u201d to check the existence of an HBase Table<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> exists 't1'\nhbase> exists 'ns1:t1'<\/pre>\n
xii.\u00a0get_table<\/strong>
\n\u201cGet_table\u201d gets the given table name and also return it as an actual object to be manipulated by the user.<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase(main):014:0> t1 = get_table 'blog'\n0 row(s) in 0.0130 seconds\n=> Hbase::Table - blog\nhbase(main):015:0><\/pre>\n
xiii.\u00a0is_disabled<\/strong>
\nWe use this command to know whether an HBase table is disabled or not.<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> is_disabled 't1'\nhbase> is_disabled 'ns1:t1'<\/pre>\n
xiv.\u00a0is_enabled<\/strong>
\n\u201cIs_enabled\u201d command helps to know whether an HBase table is enabled or not.<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> is_enabled 't1'\nhbase> is_enabled 'ns1:t1'<\/pre>\n
xv.\u00a0list<\/strong>
\nWe use this command to list all tables in hbase. Moreover, to filter the output, optional regular expression parameter could be used. <\/span>
\nFor example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
hbase> list\nhbase> list 'abc.*'\nhbase> list 'ns:abc.*'\nhbase> list 'ns:.*'<\/pre>\n
xvi.\u00a0show_filters<\/strong><\/p>\n
This command shows all the filters in Hbase. <\/span>
\nFor example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
hbase> show_filters\nColumnPrefixFilter\nTimestampsFilter\nPageFilter\n.....\nKeyOnlyFilter<\/pre>\n
c. DML Commands<\/h3>\n
There are some Data Manipulation HBase<\/strong> Commands:
\ni.\u00a0append<\/strong>
\n\u201cappend\u201d command appends a cell \u2018value\u2019 at specified table\/row\/column coordinates.<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> append 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}\nhbase> append 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', {VISIBILITY=>'PRIVATE|SECRET'}<\/pre>\n
ii.\u00a0count<\/strong>
\nThis command counts the number of rows in a table and here return value is the number of rows. <\/span>
\nFor example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
hbase> count 'ns1:t1'\nhbase> count 't1'\nhbase> count 't1', INTERVAL => 100000\nhbase> count 't1', CACHE => 1000\nhbase> count 't1', INTERVAL => 10, CACHE => 1000<\/pre>\n
iii.\u00a0delete<\/strong>
\n\u201cDelete\u201d command, puts a delete cell value at specified table\/row\/column and optionally timestamp coordinates.<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> delete 'ns1:t1', 'r1', 'c1', ts1\nhbase> delete 't1', 'r1', 'c1', ts1\nhbase> delete 't1', 'r1', 'c1', ts1, {VISIBILITY=>'PRIVATE|SECRET'}<\/pre>\n
iv.\u00a0deleteall<\/strong>
\nThis command deletes all cells in a given row; pass a table name, row, and optionally a column and timestamp. <\/span>
\nFor Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
hbase> deleteall 'ns1:t1', 'r1'\nhbase> deleteall 't1', 'r1'\nhbase> deleteall 't1', 'r1', 'c1'\nhbase> deleteall 't1', 'r1', 'c1', ts1\nhbase> deleteall 't1', 'r1', 'c1', ts1, {VISIBILITY=>'PRIVATE|SECRET'}<\/pre>\n
v.\u00a0get<\/strong>
\nA Get command, get a row or cell contents; pass the table name, row, and optionally a dictionary of column(s), timestamp, timerange, and versions. <\/span>
\nFor example:<\/strong><\/p>\n
hbase> get 'ns1:t1', 'r1'\nhbase> get 't1', 'r1'\nhbase> get 't1', 'r1', {TIMERANGE => [ts1, ts2]}\nhbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1'}\nhbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => ['c1', 'c2', 'c3']}\nhbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', TIMESTAMP => ts1}\nhbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', TIMERANGE => [ts1, ts2], VERSIONS => 4}\nhbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', TIMESTAMP => ts1, VERSIONS => 4}\nhbase> get 't1', 'r1', {FILTER => \"ValueFilter(=, 'binary:abc')\"}\nhbase> get 't1', 'r1', 'c1'\nhbase> get 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'c2'\nhbase> get 't1', 'r1', ['c1', 'c2']\nhbsase> get 't1','r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', ATTRIBUTES => {'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}\nhbsase> get 't1','r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', AUTHORIZATIONS => ['PRIVATE','SECRET']}<\/pre>\n
vi.\u00a0get_counter<\/strong>
\nThis command returns a counter cell value at specified table\/row\/column coordinates.<\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n
hbase> get_counter 'ns1:t1', 'r1', 'c1'\n hbase> get_counter 't1', 'r1', 'c1'<\/pre>\n
vii.\u00a0incr<\/strong>
\nSimply, it increments a cell \u2018value\u2019 at specified table\/row\/column coordinates. <\/span>
\nFor example, <\/strong>
\nIn order to increment a cell value in table \u2018ns1:t1\u2019 or \u2018t1\u2019 at row \u2018r1\u2019 under column \u2018c1\u2019 by 1 (can be omitted) or 10, perform:<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> incr 'ns1:t1', 'r1', 'c1'\nhbase> incr 't1', 'r1', 'c1'\nhbase> incr 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 1\nhbase> incr 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 10\nhbase> incr 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 10, {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}\nhbase> incr 't1', 'r1', 'c1', {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}\nhbase> incr 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 10, {VISIBILITY=>'PRIVATE|SECRET'}<\/pre>\n
viii.\u00a0put<\/strong>
\nPut command, puts a cell \u2018value\u2019 at specified table\/row\/column and optionally timestamp coordinates. <\/span>
\nFor Example,<\/strong> <\/span>
\nIn order to put a cell value into table \u2018ns1:t1\u2019 or \u2018t1\u2019 at row \u2018r1\u2019 under column \u2018c1\u2019 marked with the time \u2018ts1\u2019, perform:<\/span><\/p>\n
hbase> put 'ns1:t1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value'\nhbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value'\nhbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1\nhbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}\nhbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}\nhbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {VISIBILITY=>'PRIVATE|SECRET'}<\/pre>\n
ix.\u00a0truncate<\/strong>
\nThis command disables, drops and recreates the specified table. Make sure, the schema will be present but not the records, just after truncate of an HBase table.<\/span>
\nx.\u00a0truncate_preserve<\/strong>
\nWhile still maintaining the previous region boundaries, this command disables, drops and recreates the specified table.<\/span><\/p>\n
Other HBase Commands<\/span><\/h2>\n
\"HBase<\/a>
HBase Commands<\/p><\/div>\n
a.\u00a0Admin Commands<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1.  assignbalance_switch<\/span><\/li>\n
  2.  balancer<\/span><\/li>\n
  3.  catalogjanitor_enabled<\/span><\/li>\n
  4.  catalogjanitor_run<\/span><\/li>\n
  5.  catalogjanitor_switch<\/span><\/li>\n
  6.  close_region<\/span><\/li>\n
  7.  compact<\/span><\/li>\n
  8.  flush<\/span><\/li>\n
  9.  hlog_roll<\/span><\/li>\n
  10.  major_compact<\/span><\/li>\n
  11.  merge_region<\/span><\/li>\n
  12.  move<\/span><\/li>\n
  13.  split<\/span><\/li>\n
  14.  trace<\/span><\/li>\n
  15.  unassign<\/span><\/li>\n
  16.  zk_dump<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    b. Replication Commands<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1.  add_peer<\/span><\/li>\n
    2.  disable_peer<\/span><\/li>\n
    3.  enable_peer<\/span><\/li>\n
    4.  list_peers<\/span><\/li>\n
    5.  list_replicated_tables<\/span><\/li>\n
    6.  remove_peer<\/span><\/li>\n
    7.  set_peer_tableCFs<\/span><\/li>\n
    8.  show_peer_tableCFs<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      c.\u00a0Snapshot Commands<\/h3>\n
        \n
      1.  clone_snapshot<\/span><\/li>\n
      2.  delete_snapshot<\/span><\/li>\n
      3.  list_snapshots<\/span><\/li>\n
      4.  rename_snapshot<\/span><\/li>\n
      5.  restore_snapshot<\/span><\/li>\n
      6.  snapshot<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        d. Visibility Labels Commands<\/h3>\n
        A. add_labels
        \nB. clear_auths<\/span><\/p>\n
          \n
        1.  get_auths<\/span><\/li>\n
        2.  set_auths<\/span><\/li>\n
        3.  set_visibility<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          e.\u00a0Security Commands<\/h3>\n
          A. grant<\/strong>
          \nThis command, grant users specific rights.<\/span><\/p>\n
          grant <user> <permissions> [<@namespace> [<table> [<column family> [<column qualifier>]]]<\/pre>\n
          However, make sure, permissions is either zero or more letters from the set \u201cRWXCA\u201d.<\/span>
          \nREAD(\u2018R\u2019), WRITE(\u2018W\u2019), EXEC(\u2018X\u2019), CREATE(\u2018C\u2019), ADMIN(\u2018A\u2019)<\/b>
          \nNote:<\/b> It is must that a namespace always precede with \u2018@\u2019 character.<\/span><\/p>\n
          hbase> grant 'bobsmith', 'RWXCA'\nhbase> grant 'bobsmith', 'RWXCA', '@ns1'\nhbase> grant 'bobsmith', 'RW', 't1', 'f1', 'col1'\nhbase> grant 'bobsmith', 'RW', 'ns1:t1', 'f1', 'col1'<\/pre>\n
          B. revoke<\/strong>
          \nRevoke command, \u00a0revokes a user\u2019s access rights.<\/span><\/p>\n
          revoke <user> [<table> [<column family> [<column qualifier>]]\nhbase> revoke 'bobsmith'\nhbase> revoke 'bobsmith', 't1', 'f1', 'col1'\nhbase> revoke 'bobsmith', 'ns1:t1', 'f1', 'col1'<\/pre>\n
          C. user_permission<\/strong>
          \nThis command shows all permissions for the particular user.<\/span>
          \nThe syntax of User Permission:<\/b><\/p>\n
          user_permission <table>\nhbase> user_permission\nhbase> user_permission 'table1'\nhbase> user_permission 'namespace1:table1'\nhbase> user_permission '.*'\nhbase> user_permission '^[A-C].*'<\/pre>\n
          So, this was all about HBase commands. Hope you like our explanation.<\/p>\n
          Conclusion: HBase Commands<\/span><\/h2>\n
          Hence, in this HBase tutorial, we have seen all the HBase commands. Also, we discussed HBase commands with examples as well as syntax. Hope these will help you to get familiarize with HBase well. Still, if any doubt regarding HBase commands, ask in the comment tab.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
          In our last HBase tutorial, we discussed HBase Shell. Today, we will see HBase Commands with examples and syntax. Basically, to get familiarized with HBase, we need to learn HBase Commands. There are several...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":18547,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[2676,3304,3330,5038,5405,5407,5408,5445,5484,9343,14033],"class_list":["post-16916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hbase","tag-commands-in-hbase","tag-data-definition-commands","tag-data-manipulation-commands","tag-general-commands","tag-hbase-commands","tag-hbase-commands-syntax","tag-hbase-commands-with-example","tag-hbase-list-name-space","tag-hbase-shell-ommands","tag-other-hbase-shell-commands","tag-syntax-for-hbase-commands"],"yoast_head":"\nHBase Commands - General, Data Definition, & Data Manipulation - DataFlair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"HBase Commands tutorial:General Commands,Data Definition Commands,Data Manipulation Commands,HBase Shell Commands,Admin Commands,Replication Commands,\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/hbase-commands\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"HBase Commands - 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