While Java<\/a><\/strong> and Scala <\/a><\/strong>are both names common to the house, what separates them? Each has its own pros and cons. Let\u2019s find out what are they in this Scala vs Java tutorial. We will see the Scala vs Java performance, advantages of Scala over java and visa versa so that you will and why Scala or Why Java when you are to choose any one language.<\/p>\n So, let’s start Scala Vs Java Tutorial.<\/p>\n First, let\u2019s see how they\u2019re similar.<\/p>\n Both languages are object-oriented. They can let us model the real world.<\/p>\n Both Java and Scala run on the JVM (Java Virtual Machine)<\/strong><\/a>. While Java source code compiles into byte code that runs on the JVM, so does Scala.<\/p>\n In fact, languages like Scala, Groovy, and JRuby, all hold similarity to Java. This is crediting to the fact that they all use the same memory space, type system, and run inside the same JVM.<\/p>\n Scala is a statically-typed language like Java. It is also strongly-typed. In Python Programming<\/a><\/strong>, the type for an object is decided at runtime. This is duck-typing. So, Python is dynamically-typed, but Scala and Java are statically typed.<\/p>\n Java has no pointers; Scala has no Null. Scala will not give you a NullPointerException as C++ will, but Java may. Since Java uses pointers internally for implementing references, it is indeed capable of throwing a NullPointerException.<\/p>\n Both Scala and Java are multi-paradigm and are imperative(uses statements that change a program\u2019s state) and concurrent.<\/p>\n If you face any difficulty in the Scala vs Java Tutorial, Please comment.<\/p>\n Do you know What are the Features of Scala?<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n Now, time for the differences. What makes Scala different from Java? Let\u2019s list it out.<\/p>\n We\u2019ve lost count on how often we\u2019ve vented over how verbose Java really is. It takes you four lines to execute what a language like Python will do in just one. With Scala, you\u2019ll only need to write about one-third the amount of code you\u2019ll write for Java for the same thing. To put our money where our mouth is, we\u2019ll just go with the simple \u201cHello, World!\u201d program. Indeed, Scala is very concise.<\/strong> Do you know Why Java Is Important?<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n Although Java is too verbose, it is more readable than Scala. Why? Because Scala can get too nested at times. Imagine a function inside a function inside another, inside an object inside a class.<\/p>\n Our brains aren\u2019t calibrated to that less a level of abstraction. Java is nested too, but lesser than Scala. Scala compiles source code to byte code slower than Java does. Sometimes, it may even take up to an hour if you don\u2019t work on a super-fast processor with a bundle of cores. However, a faster compiler is under development.<\/p>\n For Java, the javac compiler turns the source into byte code. For Scala, it is the Scala compiler. Java has a myriad of IDEs (Integrated Development Environment) available to aid you with development. Major names include Eclipse, NetBeans, and IntelliJ. Actually, IntelliJ is the one we\u2019ll be using for Scala in this whole tutorial series. Other IDEs like NetBeans and Eclipse do support Scala, but not that effectively. While Java is a multi-paradigm, object-oriented language, Scala is multi-paradigm and functional. It supports functional-programming features like currying, type inference, immutability, lazy evaluation, and pattern-matching. However, it also supports object-oriented programming.<\/p>\n Java believes in adding more CPU cores instead of increasing the CPU cycle. Scala, however, makes use of a multi-core architecture to support a functional programming paradigm.<\/p>\n Let’s Discuss the Scala Advantages & Disadvantages<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n Like Python, Scala believes in REPL, unlike Java. This lets developers explore and access their datasets. It also allows them to prototype their applications easily, without a full-on development cycle. Java does not support operator overloading. But Scala will even let you create your own operators. Java is simply easier to learn. Since Scala supports features like operator overloading, and uses a lot of nesting, it makes it much messier to learn Scala. Users may confuse between operators and their meanings when one operator can have multiple. Scala code looks repulsive on first look.<\/p>\n Winner: Java<\/strong><\/p>\n Read: Scala Control Structures \u2013 A Comprehensive Guide<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n Lazy evaluation is something Scala supports, but Java doesn\u2019t. What this means is that it delays complex computation until absolutely necessary. For this, it uses the keyword \u2018lazy\u2019. Let\u2019s take an example. Winner: Scala<\/strong> With a language that is backwards-compatible, code written in a newer version runs without a problem on all older versions. Java is this way; Java 8 code will run on all older versions. This isn\u2019t the same with Scala. Because Scala supports operator overloading, it has a higher risk of programming errors than does Java.Similarities in Scala and Java<\/h3>\n
a. Object-Oriented<\/h4>\n
b. JVM-Based<\/h4>\n
c. Typing Discipline<\/h4>\n
d. No NullPointerException<\/h4>\n
e. Programming Paradigm<\/h4>\n
Differences Between Scala vs Java<\/h3>\n
a. Verbosity<\/h4>\n
\nThis is it with Java:<\/p>\npublic class HelloWorld\r\n{\r\npublic static void main(String[] args)\r\n{\r\nSystem.out.println(\u201cHello, World!\u201d)\r\n}\r\n}\r\nAnd then, this is it with Scala:\r\nobject HelloWorld extends App\r\n{\r\nprintln(\"Hello, World!\")\r\n}<\/pre>\n
\nWinner: Scala<\/strong><\/p>\nb. Readability<\/h3>\n
\nWinner: Java<\/strong><\/p>\nc. Compile Time<\/h4>\n
\nWinner: Java<\/strong><\/p>\nd. IDE Support<\/h4>\n
\nWinner: Java<\/strong><\/p>\ne. Programming Paradigm<\/h4>\n
f. Multi-Core CPU Architecture<\/h4>\n
g. Read-Evaluate-Print-Loop (REPL)<\/h4>\n
\nWinner: Scala<\/strong><\/p>\nh. Operator Overloading<\/h4>\n
\nWinner: Scala<\/p>\ni. Simplicity and Learning<\/h4>\n
j. Lazy Evaluation<\/h4>\n
\nLoad an image only if you must, since it is a slow process. We can apply lazy evaluation on this:<\/p>\nlazy val images=getImages()\r\nif(viewProfile)\r\n{\r\nshowImages(image)\r\n}\r\nelse(editProfile)\r\n{\r\nshowImages(images)\r\nshowEditor()\r\n}\r\nelse\r\n{\r\n\/\/Do whatever, without loading the image\r\n}<\/pre>\n
\nAny doubt yet in Scala vs Java Tutorial? Please Comment.<\/p>\nk. Backward Compatibility<\/h4>\n
\nWinner: Java<\/strong><\/p>\nl. Chances of Errors<\/h4>\n
\nWinner: Java<\/strong>
\nRead: How to Install Java in Windows & Linux<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\nm. Debugging<\/h3>\n