{"id":11805,"date":"2018-03-31T05:24:26","date_gmt":"2018-03-31T05:24:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=11805"},"modified":"2021-05-09T13:16:25","modified_gmt":"2021-05-09T07:46:25","slug":"sas-date-formate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/sas-date-formate\/","title":{"rendered":"SAS Date & Time – How to Read Date & Time in SAS"},"content":{"rendered":"

Today we will learn What is SAS Date Time, how to display Time & Date in SAS Programming. Like we discussed numeric<\/strong> and character data types<\/strong> earlier, dates in SAS is a special case of numeric values. Here, we are going to study SAS Date as a character variable and informats and SAS Date Formats.<\/p>\n

So, let’s start How to Read\/Display SAS Date & Time.<\/p>\n

What is a SAS Date?<\/h2>\n

Unlike dates in other languages, dates in SAS have a specific numeric value assigned to each day. All SAS dates begin from January 1st<\/sup>, 1960 and this date is taken as day zero (0).<\/p>\n

All previous and subsequent dates are therefore represented by keeping this date in mind with numeric values plus (+) or minus (-) from this starting point. For example-<\/p>\n

December 29, 1959\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 -3
\nDecember 31, 1959\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 -1
\nJanuary 1, 1960\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0
\nJanuary 3, 1960\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2
\nJanuary 5, 1960\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4
\nJanuary 23, 1963\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1118
\nOct 21, 2008\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 17826<\/p>\n

How to Read and Display Date and Time in SAS<\/h2>\n

We know that SAS has a different mechanism for understanding SAS date. Let us see how we can resolve this issue.
\nLet us consider this example<\/p>\n

DATA Employee_Info;\r\ninput Emp_ID Emp_Name$ Emp_Vertical$ DOJ;\r\ndatalines;\r\n101 Mak SQL 18\/08\/2013\r\n102 Rama SAS 25\/06\/2015\r\n103 Priya Java 21\/02\/2010\r\n104 Karthik Excel 19\/05\/2007\r\n105 Mandeep SAS 11\/09\/2016\r\n;\r\nRun;\r\nPROC PRINT DATA=Employee_Info;\r\nRun;<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
The output of the above code in SAS will look like this<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\"SAS<\/a>
How to Read and Display Date and Time in SAS<\/p><\/div>\n
We see in the above code that the DOJ column remains empty, this was because we specified the DOJ variable as numeric but it had special characters (\/) in it, so SAS could not understand it and displayed an error message in the log window.<\/p>\n
How can we resolve this? There are two ways of doing so-<\/strong><\/p>\n
a. Defining SAS Date as a Character Variable<\/h3>\n
If we put a $ sign at the end of the date variable, SAS would accept it as a variable of character data type. So know our code looks like this-<\/p>\n
DATA Employee_Info;\r\ninput Emp_ID Emp_Name$ Emp_Vertical$ DOJ$;\r\ndatalines;\r\n101 Mak SQL 18\/08\/2013\r\n102 Rama SAS 25\/06\/2015\r\n103 Priya Java 21\/02\/2010\r\n104 Karthik Excel 19\/05\/2007\r\n105 Mandeep SAS 11\/09\/2016\r\n;\r\nRun;\r\nPROC PRINT DATA=Employee_Info;\r\nRun;<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
The output of the above code will now look like-<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\"SAS<\/a>
SAS Date as a Character Variable<\/p><\/div>\n
 <\/p>\n
Another way of doing this is through the use of informats and formats like we saw in earlier tutorials.<\/p>\n
b. Using SAS Informats and Formats<\/h3>\n
We are going to study SAS Formats and informats through this example. Let us look at the same example used before-<\/p>\n
DATA Employee_Info;\r\ninput Emp_ID Emp_Name$ Emp_Vertical$ DOJ;\r\nINFORMAT DOJ ddmmyy10.;\r\ndatalines;\r\n101 Mak SQL 18\/08\/2013\r\n102 Rama SAS 25\/06\/2015\r\n103 Priya Java 21\/02\/2010\r\n104 Karthik Excel 19\/05\/2007\r\n105 Mandeep SAS 11\/09\/2016\r\n;\r\nRun;\r\nPROC PRINT DATA=Employee_Info;\r\nRun;<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
In the above code, we added a SAS date informat. Now the SAS system will display an output something like shown below, because like mentioned before, it will process dates from Jan 1960.<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\"SAS<\/a>
SAS Informats and Formats<\/p><\/div>\n
 <\/p>\n
Now to display our SAS date correctly, we will use a format. Let us see how-<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
DATA Employee_Info;\r\ninput Emp_ID Emp_Name$ Emp_Vertical$ DOJ;\r\nINFORMAT DOJ ddmmyy10.;\r\nFORMAT DOJ ddmmyy10.;\r\ndatalines;\r\n101 Mak SQL 18\/08\/2013\r\n102 Rama SAS 25\/06\/2015\r\n103 Priya Java 21\/02\/2010\r\n104 Karthik Excel 19\/05\/2007\r\n105 Mandeep SAS 11\/09\/2016\r\n;\r\nRun;\r\nPROC PRINT DATA=Employee_Info;\r\nRun;<\/pre>\n
The output of the above code will look like-<\/strong><\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\"SAS<\/a>
SAS Formats and Informats<\/p><\/div>\n
This was all about SAS Date Time Tutorial. Hope you like our explanation.<\/p>\n
Conclusion<\/h2>\n
Hence, unlike other languages, SAS Programming Language has a different mechanism for understanding dates. Today we learned two interesting methods SAS Date and SAS Time, how can we display\/read SAS Date time, and how SAS date is defined\u00a0as a character variable.<\/p>\n
At last, we SAS how can we use SAS date formate & informates. Wasn\u2019t this interesting? For any queries, post your doubts in the comments section below. Stay tuned for more interesting topics in SAS.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Today we will learn What is SAS Date Time, how to display Time & Date in SAS Programming. 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