Project Prerequisites<\/h3>\n
It is required to have prior knowledge of Python and the turtle module to build the project. You can download the turtle and the random module using the below commands.<\/p>\n
pip install random2<\/pre>\npip install turtle<\/pre>\nProject Structure<\/h3>\n
The following steps will be followed to develop python pinball game.<\/p>\n
1. Importing the required modules<\/p>\n
2. Create a screen for game<\/p>\n
3. Create the paddle<\/p>\n
4. Create the ball<\/p>\n
5. Create the scoreboard<\/p>\n
6. Write function to move the paddle<\/p>\n
7. The main game loop<\/p>\n
1. Importing the required modules<\/h3>\n
# Importing the turtle and random library\r\nimport turtle\r\nfrom random import randint<\/pre>\nCode explanation:<\/h4>\n
a.\u00a0 In this step we import the turtle and the random modules.<\/p>\n
b.\u00a0 randint in the random module helps in getting a random integer in the given range.<\/p>\n
2. Create a screen for game<\/h3>\n
# Creating the screen with name and size\r\nscreen = turtle.Screen()\r\nscreen.title(\"DataFlair Pinball game\")\r\nscreen.setup(width=1000 , height=600)<\/pre>\nCode explanation:<\/h4>\n
In this step, we create the Screen() object with title and size<\/p>\n
3. Create the paddle<\/h3>\n
# Creating the paddle\r\npaddle = turtle.Turtle()\r\n#Setting its speed as zero, it moves only when key is pressed\r\npaddle.speed(0) \r\n#Setting shape, color, and size\r\npaddle.shape(\"square\")\r\npaddle.color(\"blue\")\r\npaddle.shapesize(stretch_wid=2, stretch_len=6) \r\npaddle.penup()\r\n#The paddle is left-centered initially \r\npaddle.goto(-400,-250)<\/pre>\nCode explanation:<\/h4>\n
Now, we create a square paddle that moves only when the keyboard is pressed.
\nInitially, it stays in the leftmost positions and moves in the respective direction when the player presses left\/right keyboard buttons.<\/p>\n4. Create the ball<\/h3>\n
# Creating the ball of circle shape\r\nball = turtle.Turtle()\r\n#Setting the speed of ball to 0, it moves based on the dx and dy values\r\nball.speed(0)\r\n#Setting shape, color, and size\r\nball.shape(\"circle\")\r\nball.color(\"red\")\r\nball.penup()\r\n#Ball starts from the random position from the top of the screen\r\nx=randint(-400,400)\r\nball.goto(x, 260)\r\n#Setting dx and dy that decide the speed of the ball\r\nball.dx = 2\r\nball.dy = -2<\/pre>\nCode explanation:<\/h4>\n
a.\u00a0 Next, we create the ball with a circle shape.<\/p>\n
b.\u00a0 It starts from the top of the screen from a random position along the horizontal axis.<\/p>\n
c.\u00a0 The variables dx and dy decide the speed of the ball, whose position gets updated by these values every time.<\/p>\n
5. Create the scoreboard<\/h3>\n
score=0\r\n\r\n# Displaying the score\r\nscoreBoard = turtle.Turtle()\r\nscoreBoard.speed(0)\r\nscoreBoard.penup()\r\n#Hiding the turtle to show text\r\nscoreBoard.hideturtle()\r\n#Locating the score board on top of the screen\r\nscoreBoard.goto(0, 260)\r\n#Showing the score\r\nscoreBoard.write(\"Score : 0 \", align=\"center\", font=(\"Courier\", 20, \"bold\"))<\/pre>\nCode explanation:<\/h4>\n
a.\u00a0 Now we create the scoreboard with the score updating every time paddle hits the ball.<\/p>\n
b.\u00a0 This is located on top of the screen.<\/p>\n
6. Write a function to move the paddle<\/h3>\n
# Functions to move the paddle left and right\r\ndef movePadRight():\r\n x = paddle.xcor() #Getting the current x-coordinated of the paddle\r\n x += 15 \r\n paddle.setx(x) #Updating the x-coordinated of the paddle\r\n\r\n# Function to move the left paddle down\r\ndef movePadLeft():\r\n x = paddle.xcor() #Getting the current x-coordinated of the paddle\r\n x -= 15 \r\n paddle.setx(x) #Updating the x-coordinated of the paddle\r\n\r\n#Mapping the functions to the keyboard buttons\r\nscreen.listen()\r\nscreen.onkeypress(movePadRight, \"Right\")\r\nscreen.onkeypress(movePadLeft, \"Left\")<\/pre>\nCode explanation:<\/h4>\n
a.\u00a0 Then we create the two functions movePadRight() and movePadLeft() that move the paddle to left and right respectively by 15 units every time the user presses the right\/left key.
\nb.\u00a0 The method onkeypress() maps the function to the respective keyboard buttons.
\nc.\u00a0 And the listen() function makes sure the keyboard inputs are considered.<\/p>\n7. The main game loop<\/h3>\n
while True:\r\n #Updating the screen everytime with the new changes\r\n screen.update()\r\n \r\n ball.setx(ball.xcor()+ball.dx)\r\n ball.sety(ball.ycor()+ball.dy)\r\n\r\n # Checking if ball hits the left, right, and top walls of the screen \r\n if ball.xcor() > 480:\r\n ball.setx(480)\r\n ball.dx *= -1 #Bouncing the ball \r\n \r\n if ball.xcor() < -480:\r\n ball.setx(-480)\r\n ball.dx *= -1#Bouncing the ball \r\n \r\n if ball.ycor() >280:\r\n ball.setx(280)\r\n ball.dy *= -1#Bouncing the ball \r\n \r\n #Checking if the ball hits bottom and ending the game\r\n if ball.ycor() < -260:\r\n scoreBoard.clear()\r\n scoreBoard1 = turtle.Turtle()\r\n scoreBoard1.speed(0)\r\n scoreBoard1.penup()\r\n #Hiding the turtle to show text\r\n scoreBoard1.hideturtle()\r\n #Locating the score board on top of the screen\r\n scoreBoard1.goto(0, 0)\r\n scoreBoard1.color('black')\r\n #Showing the score\r\n scoreBoard1.write(\"Score : {} \".format(score), align=\"center\", font=(\"Courier\", 30, \"bold\"))\r\n break\r\n \r\n #Checking if paddle hits the ball, updating score, increasing speed and bouncing the ball\r\n if (paddle.ycor() + 30 > ball.ycor() > paddle.ycor() - 30 and \r\n paddle.xcor() + 50 > ball.xcor() > paddle.xcor() - 50 ):\r\n\r\n #Increasing score of left player and updating score board\r\n score += 1 \r\n scoreBoard.clear()\r\n scoreBoard.write(\"Score: {}\".format(score), align=\"center\", font=(\"Courier\", 20, \"bold\"))\r\n \r\n #Increasing speed of the ball with the limit 7\r\n if(ball.dy>0 and ball.dy<5): #If dy is positive increasing dy\r\n ball.dy+=0.5\r\n elif(ball.dy<0 and ball.dy>-5): #else if dy is negative decreasing dy\r\n ball.dy-=0.5\r\n \r\n if(ball.dx>0 and ball.dx<5):#If dx is positive increasing dx\r\n ball.dx+=0.5\r\n elif(ball.dx<0 and ball.dx>-5): #else if dx is negative decreasing dx\r\n ball.dx-=0.5\r\n \r\n #Changing the direction of ball towards the right player\r\n ball.dy *=-1 \r\nwhile (True):\r\n screen.update()<\/pre>\nCode explanation:<\/h4>\n
a.\u00a0 We run the whole game in an infinite while loop.<\/p>\n
b.\u00a0 In this we first update the screen and set the ball coordinates<\/p>\n
c.\u00a0 Then we check if the ball hits the right, left or top edges of the screen and we bounce by reversing the sign of the dx or dy<\/p>\n
d.\u00a0 After this, we check if the ball hits the bottom edge of the screen, that is, the paddle missed the hit. If this condition is true, we stop the game and show the score.<\/p>\n
e.\u00a0 If not, we check if the paddle hits the screen, and we update the score on the scoreboard and bounce the ball.<\/p>\n
Output of Python Pinball Game<\/h3>\n
![\"python](\"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/03\/python-pinball-game-output.webp\")
<\/a><\/p>\n