{"id":104844,"date":"2022-01-05T09:00:24","date_gmt":"2022-01-05T03:30:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/?p=104844"},"modified":"2022-01-05T12:23:56","modified_gmt":"2022-01-05T06:53:56","slug":"stop-and-wait-protocol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/data-flair.training\/blogs\/stop-and-wait-protocol\/","title":{"rendered":"Stop and Wait Protocol"},"content":{"rendered":"

What is the Stop and Wait Protocol?<\/h3>\n

Stop and wait indicates that whatever data the sender wishes to convey is sent to the recipient. After transferring the data, he comes to a halt and waits for the receiver’s acknowledgment. The stop and wait protocol is classified as a flow control protocol. Flow control is one of the data connection layer’s services.<\/p>\n

Stop and wait protocol is a data-link layer protocol that is used for data transmission across noiseless channels. It supports unidirectional data transmission, which means that it can only send or receive data at the same time. It provides a flow-control mechanism but no error-control mechanism. The reason behind using this frame is that after delivering the frame, the sender waits for the acknowledgment before sending the next frame.<\/p>\n

Rules of Stop and Wait Protocol:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Sender Side<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Receiver Side<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

The sender transfers data packets one at a time.<\/span><\/td>\nThe data packet is received and then consumed.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
When the preceding packet’s acknowledgment is received, the sender transmits the next packet.<\/span><\/td>\nWhen a data packet is consumed, the receiver sends an acknowledgment back to the sender.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Working of Stop and Wait Protocol:<\/h3>\n

\"working<\/a><\/p>\n

The stop and wait technique is depicted in the diagram above. If there is a sender and a receiver, the sender sends the packet, which is referred to as a data packet. The sender will not transmit the second packet until the first packet is acknowledged. The acknowledgment for the data packet received is sent by the receiver.<\/p>\n

The sender transmits the next packet after receiving the acknowledgment. This method is repeated until all of the packets are not transmitted. This protocol’s major virtue is its simplicity, but it also has significant drawbacks.<\/p>\n

Disadvantages of Stop and Wait Protocol:<\/h3>\n

1. Lost Data:<\/h4>\n

\"lost<\/a><\/p>\n

Assume the sender sends the data and it is lost. For a long time, the receiver has been waiting for the data. Because the data is not received by the recipient, no acknowledgment is sent. The sender will not send the following packet since it has not received any acknowledgment. This issue arises as a result of missing data.<\/p>\n

This causes 2 problems:<\/p>\n